Immune Responses in Infants Whose Mothers Received Tdap Vaccine During Pregnancy

Hardy-Fairbanks, Abbey J; Pan, Stephanie; Decker, Michael D.; Johnson, David R.; Greenberg, David; Kirkland, Kathryn B.; Talbot, Elizabeth A.; Bernstein, Henry H.

doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e3182a09b6a

Cited by 144 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…1 Given that the UK schedule does not include any further pertussis immunization until children are 3 years old, it is reassuring that the observed differences between the groups had resolved by 12 months of age, a finding also previously reported in term infants. 10 Although post hoc analysis of clinical trial data should be interpreted with caution, these results are biologically plausible and the observed trends are consistent with the recent studies in term infants. 1,3,5,10,11 Our findings, therefore, suggest that maternal vaccination early in the third trimester (ie, closer to 28 weeks' gestation, or even earlier, as administered in some settings 12 ) may 3 Due to the design of the vaccination study, fewer infants were sampled at 5 months of age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Pertussis Antibody Concentrations in Infants Born Prematurely to Mothers Vaccinated in Pregnancy

et al. 2016

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on behalf of the PUNS study group abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Maternal antenatal pertussis-containing vaccination is recommended for the prevention of neonatal pertussis, but the ability of maternal vaccination to protect premature infants is unknown. We hypothesized that that infants born prematurely to antenatally vaccinated women would have higher pertussis antibody concentrations than those born to unvaccinated women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Pertussis Antibody Concentrations in Infants Born Prematurely to Mothers Vaccinated in Pregnancy

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, in 2012, the ACIP revised the recommendations and advised Tdap vaccine for all pregnant women and for each pregnancy irrespective of the interval between pregnancies (545). Studies have shown that efficient antibody transfer occurred from vaccinated mothers to babies via the placenta, although antibody levels are neither optimum nor long-lasting (545,552,553).…”

Section: Tdap Immunization For Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYPertussis is a severe respiratory infection caused byBordetella pertussis, and in 2008, pertussis was associated with an estimated 16 million cases and 195,000 deaths globally. Sizeable outbreaks of pertussis have been reported over the past 5 years, and disease reemergence has been the focus of international attention to develop a deeper understanding of pathogen virulence and genetic evolution ofB. pertussisstrains. During the past 20 years, the scientific community has recognized pertussis among adults as well as infants and children. Increased recognition that older children and adolescents are at risk for disease and may transmitB. pertussisto younger siblings has underscored the need to better understand the role of innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immunity, including the role of waning immunity. Although recognition of adult pertussis has increased in tandem with a better understanding ofB. pertussispathogenesis, pertussis in neonates and adults can manifest with atypical clinical presentations. Such disease patterns make pertussis recognition difficult and lead to delays in treatment. Ongoing research using newer tools for molecular analysis holds promise for improved understanding of pertussis epidemiology, bacterial pathogenesis, bioinformatics, and immunology. Together, these advances provide a foundation for the development of new-generation diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.

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“…Nevertheless, it has been observed that immunization with Tdap during pregnancy slightly decreased immune responses after primary doses of DTaP to the infants but the difference did not persist after the following booster doses [17]. The main objective should be to protect infants from severe pertussis, which outweighs the potential risk of suffering the more benign form of pertussis at older ages.…”

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confidence: 99%

Protecting newborns against pertussis: the value of vaccinating during pregnancy

Vilajeliu

García‐Basteiro

Bayas

2015

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Resurgence of pertussis has recently been reported in several countries with long-standing pertussis immunization and high vaccination coverage. This situation requires consideration of alternative immunization strategies to protect newborns. In the absence of a vaccine that confers long-lasting immunity, maternal vaccination for pertussis during pregnancy seems to be a safe, immunogenic, effective and accepted strategy to protect infants during the first weeks of life. The existing scientific evidence provides the grounds for pregnant women and healthcare workers to make informed decisions regarding this measure as well as for countries with high pertussis-related infant morbidity and mortality that should consider implementation. Furthermore, this could be a promising strategy to address other vaccine-preventable diseases of pregnancy and the neonatal period.Pertussis is currently a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide and an emerging public health concern. A resurgence of pertussis cases has recently been reported in several countries with long-standing pertussis immunization and high vaccination coverage such as Spain [1], the USA [2] and the UK [3]. Although the reasons have not been fully elucidated, the improved availability of methods to confirm diagnoses (e.g., PCR), the increased awareness for diagnosis and reporting among health professionals, the different efficacy against disease and infection between whole cell and acellular vaccine, the pathogen adaptation or waning of natural or vaccine immunity during periods of low pertussis activity are thought to play an important role in the current trends of the disease [4]. Neither pertussis natural infection nor vaccination induces lifelong immunity; it has been estimated that only 10% of children will be protected 8.5 years after last dose of Tdap [5]. However, vaccination is the most effective way to combat whooping cough epidemics.Cases increased in several countries in 2011, including high incidence in adulthood. Severe morbidity and mortality from pertussis are concentrated in infants aged <3 months. For example, in 2010, California reported an incidence of 445.9 per 100,000 infants <6 months of age [2], and in 2011, Spain reported an incidence of clinically reported cases higher than 500 cases per 100,000 infants <3 months of age. In the period between 2007 and 2010, there was an increase in infant mortality due to pertussis, being 3.75 deaths per year, compared to 1 death per year in the period 1997-2007 [1]. In UK, 48 deaths in infants under 1 year of age were identified between 2001 and 2011 [3]. In adolescents and adults, pertussis almost always presents as persistent cough, often of undiagnosed cause, and these cases (mainly the parents) are the main sources of infection to susceptible children [1].The current situation requires consideration of alternative immunization strategies to protect newborns. Editorial provided an opportunity of global review of pertussis epidemiology, as well as newly available data on effectiveness...

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Immune Responses in Infants Whose Mothers Received Tdap Vaccine During Pregnancy

Cited by 144 publications

References 18 publications

Pertussis Antibody Concentrations in Infants Born Prematurely to Mothers Vaccinated in Pregnancy

Pertussis Antibody Concentrations in Infants Born Prematurely to Mothers Vaccinated in Pregnancy

Pertussis: Microbiology, Disease, Treatment, and Prevention

Protecting newborns against pertussis: the value of vaccinating during pregnancy

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