“…Strategies to induce tolerance include conjugating antigen to splenocytes [8], immature dendritic cells (DC) [9,10], or synthetic microparticles [11,12], oral tolerance [13], gene therapy [14] or co-treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, such as methotrexate [15]. Recently, it has been reported that systemic co-administration of rapamycin, a immunosuppressant drug commonly used to prevent transplant rejection, prevented immune response and induced tolerance to FIX and FVIII in mouse models of hemophilia A and B, respectively [29,30].…”