Immunity status against poliomyelitis in persons 13–14 years old living in Rome

Mastroeni, I; Patti, Anna Maria; Fabrizi, Adele; Santi, Annalisa; Manduca, Antonia; Vescia, N; Squarcione, S; Fara, Gaetano Maria

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00208-3

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…So, as expected, GMT values for poliovirus type 2 were always higher than those for poliovirus type 1 and both were higher than those for poliovirus type 3, when calculated by age group (Table 2). Studies conducted in the United States (1,8,13), Oman (17), Italy (2,6,12,(18)(19)(20), Finland (5), Israel (3), and South Africa (15) on antibody titers in OPV recipients monitored long-term concur with our results, demonstrating a decline in immunity and antibody geometric mean values. Overall, those surveys reported that the decline in immunity and GMT of neutralizing antibodies is related to intervals since the last OPV vaccination and not to gender, race, age at primary vaccination, or number of previous administrations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Nates

Martı́nez²,

Barril³

et al. 2007

Viral Immunology

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The persistence of poliovirus-neutralizing antibodies was investigated in 297 individuals residing in Argentina who had completed the vaccination cycle with four or five oral polio vaccine (OPV) doses 1 mo to 19 yr before this study. Seropositivity for the three polio types in individuals who had received four OPV doses remained high and stable, showing rates not less than 94.6, 98.2, and 91.1% for types 1, 2, and 3, respectively, for a period of at least 6 yr. Almost identical rates were found in children who completed a vaccination schedule of five OPV doses 1 to 2 yr earlier. However, humoral immunity to poliovirus types 3 and 1 declined significantly 9 and 17 yr, respectively, after the booster dose had been administered; in contrast, type 2 immunity remained fairly stable during the 19-yr study period. Overall, geometric mean titer values for poliovirus types 1 and 2 were higher than those for poliovirus type 3. This is likely a result of low initial poliovirus type 3 antibody titers that eventually fell below the limits of detection at later time points. The results indicate that although antibody titers primed by OPV decline over time, they are remarkably long-lived, immunity to poliovirus types 1 and 2 being more prevalent than that against type 3 at late intervals postvaccination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Nates

Martı́nez²,

Barril³

et al. 2007

Viral Immunology

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“…The highest antibody seroprevalence and GMTs in each age group were for P2 and the lowest was for P3. These results are similar to those of other countries, such as Brazil (21), Germany (22), the United States (23), Italy (24)(25)(26)(27), Belgium (28), Greece (29), Netherlands (30), and South Africa (31). Nates and colleagues in Argentina found that humoral immunity to P3 declined significantly over time (32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Seroprevalence of Antipolio Antibodies among Children <15 Years of Age in Border Provinces in China

Wang

Cui

Ding

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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Despite remarkable progression toward polio eradication worldwide, wild poliovirus (WPV) importation has been a great challenge for China, as it shares borders with countries where WPV is endemic. The objective of this study was to estimate poliovirus antibody seroprevalence among children <15 years of age in 3 border provinces (Yunnan Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region) in China. A cross-sectional, hospital-based study was undertaken in 3 border provinces in 2010. Individuals <15 years old who visited hospitals at the prefecture level or above to have their blood drawn for any reason were invited to participate in our study. Neutralizing antibody titers to polio serotypes 1 (P1), P2, and P3 were assayed according to the World Health Organization manual for the virological investigation of polio. Antibody titers of >8 were considered positive. Among the 1,360 subjects enrolled, 1,220 (89.7%), 1,259 (92.6%), and 1,112 (81.8%) were seropositive to P1, P2, and P3, respectively, and 1,051 (77.3%) subjects were seropositive to all three serotypes. The highest seropositive rates were observed in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. By age, 3-to 5-year-old subjects had the highest rate of seropositivity, and seropositivity decreased significantly with increasing age. The risk of WPV importation will continue until WPV transmission has been interrupted worldwide. Consistent with the Global Polio Eradication Initiative's polio endgame strategy, China must maintain its polio-free status by ensuring adequate population immunity against polio. Because immunity wanes with increasing age, a booster dose with bivalent type 1 and 2 oral poliovirus vaccine could be considered for teenagers in China.

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“…The decrease of seroprevalence was observed for type 3 virus in other serological studies performed in the European region (1,2,13,14), and adolescents and young adults seem to be at major risk (2,9,17). The low percentages of protective antibodies to poliovirus type 1 described for the Italian students in the present study require further investigations to consolidate such results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Seroepidemiology of Polioviruses among University Students in Northern Italy

Baldo

Baldovin

Cocchio

et al. 2012

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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The widespread use of poliovirus vaccination schemes has led to a marked decline in the incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis worldwide, but wild poliovirus is still endemic in some developing countries, and in 2009 a total of 23 countries reported at least 1 case of poliomyelitis caused by wild-strain polio viruses. A serological survey was thus conducted on the immunological status against polioviruses of 318 young adults, classified by their country of origin. Immunity to poliomyelitis was assessed by neutralizing antibody titration in tissues cultured on microplates. The rate of seronegativity (<1:8) in the study population was 26.7% for poliovirus type 1, 7.2% for type 2, and 22.6% for type 3. In our sample of 318 individuals, 219 (68.9%) were Italian and 99 (31.1%) were from outside the European Union (EU). The proportion of cases found seropositive to polioviruses 1 and 3 decreased significantly with older age; this age-related decrease was more evident in the Italian group than among the non-EU subjects. Any risk of the wild virus recurring and causing paralytic poliomyelitis must be prevented, keeping Europe polio free by means of appropriate immunological protection, until polio has been conclusively eradicated all over the world. Judging from our findings, it may be worth considering administering a fifth dose of polio vaccine to adolescents.

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Immunity status against poliomyelitis in persons 13–14 years old living in Rome

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Long-Lasting Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibodies among Argentinean Population Immunized with Four Or Five Oral Polio Vaccine Doses 1 Month to 19 Years Previously

Seroprevalence of Antipolio Antibodies among Children <15 Years of Age in Border Provinces in China

Seroepidemiology of Polioviruses among University Students in Northern Italy

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