2017
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0001
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Immunization, Antibiotic Use, and Pneumococcal Colonization Over a 15-Year Period

Abstract: Despite the success of pneumococcal vaccines in reducing colonization and disease due to targeted serotypes, ongoing community-based surveillance will be critical to evaluate the impact of interventions on pneumococcal colonization and disease.

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Cited by 38 publications
(32 citation statements)
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“…with pneumococcal carriage after the introduction of PCV into national immunization schedules have reported age, poverty or proxies of poverty, number of young children living in the household, and symptoms of URTI as positively associated with pneumococcal carriage [41][42][43][44][45]. Previous studies have heterogenous findings regarding exposure to cigarette smoke and recent antibiotic use and their associations with pneumococcal carriage [5,11,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. We found exposure to household cigarette smoke was a risk factor, but only for PCV10 carriage.…”
Section: Plos Onementioning
confidence: 51%
“…with pneumococcal carriage after the introduction of PCV into national immunization schedules have reported age, poverty or proxies of poverty, number of young children living in the household, and symptoms of URTI as positively associated with pneumococcal carriage [41][42][43][44][45]. Previous studies have heterogenous findings regarding exposure to cigarette smoke and recent antibiotic use and their associations with pneumococcal carriage [5,11,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. We found exposure to household cigarette smoke was a risk factor, but only for PCV10 carriage.…”
Section: Plos Onementioning
confidence: 51%
“…Eradication of the entire targeted species in an individual through use of a vaccine may be difficult or impossible, because of the limitations of immunity at the mucosal sites where these species live and/or because of antigenic variation (84), which hampers the ability of a vaccine to target a whole species. For example, serotype-specific conjugate vaccination against S. pneumoniae has nearly eliminated targeted serotypes but has left overall carriage levels approximately unchanged (85,86) because of strain replacement. Similarly, development of vaccines against Staphylococcus aureus and members of the hospital-acquired Enterobacteriaceae has been hampered by strain variation.…”
Section: The Microbiome As An Innocent Bystander Protected Bymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this issue of Pediatrics, Lee et al 1 report surveillance data from Massachusetts communities regarding Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) colonization during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) era. Nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization is thought to precede SPN disease, so it is a reasonable measure of circulating (and potentially disease-producing) pneumococcal strains.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization is thought to precede SPN disease, so it is a reasonable measure of circulating (and potentially disease-producing) pneumococcal strains. Three aspects are notable: (1) shifting serotypes of known invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) producers; (2) risk factors for colonization; and (3) evolving antibiotic resistance.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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