Immunization with the recombinant antigen Ss-IR induces protective immunity to infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in mice

Abraham, David; Hess, Jessica A.; Mejia, Rojelio; Nolan, Thomas J.; Lok, James B.; Lustigman, Sara; Nutman, Thomas B.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.030

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Efforts to develop vaccines against human infection with S. stercoralis have been limited, although there have been excellent results in an animal model using a single recombinant diagnostic antigen as the vaccine against S. stercoralis [44]. The efficacy of this vaccine in humans has not been tested.…”

Section: Control Of S Stercoralismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Public Health Response against Strongyloides stercoralis: Time to Look at Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Full

et al. 2013

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Strongyloides stercoralis infections have a worldwide distribution with a global burden in terms of prevalence and morbidity that is largely ignored. A public health response against soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections should broaden the strategy to include S. stercoralis and overcome the epidemiological, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenges that this parasite poses in comparison to Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworms. The relatively poor sensitivity of single stool evaluations, which is further lowered when quantitative techniques aimed at detecting eggs are used, also complicates morbidity evaluations and adequate drug efficacy measurements, since S. stercoralis is eliminated in stools in a larval stage. Specific stool techniques for the detection of larvae of S. stercoralis, like Baermann's and Koga's agar plate, despite superiority over direct techniques are still suboptimal. New serologies using recombinant antigens and molecular-based techniques offer new hopes in those areas. The use of ivermectin rather than benzimidazoles for its treatment and the need to have curative regimens rather than lowering the parasite burden are also unique for S. stercoralis in comparison to the other STH due to its life cycle, which allows reproduction and amplification of the worm burden within the human host. The potential impact on STH of the benzimidazoles/ivermectin combinations, already used for control/elimination of lymphatic filariasis, should be further evaluated in public health settings. While waiting for more effective single-dose drug regimens and new sensitive diagnostics, the evidence and the tools already available warrant the planning of a common platform for STH and S. stercoralis control.

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Section: Control Of S Stercoralismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Public Health Response against Strongyloides stercoralis: Time to Look at Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Full

et al. 2013

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“…85 Recently, the same group reported yet another potential recombinant surface antigen known as SS-IR, a S. stercoralis surface-specific antigen, that decreased 80% of worm burden. 86 In another study, intradermal vaccination of mice with Na + -K + ATPase DNA significantly reduced larval survival. 87 Protective IgG from mice immunized with live L3 requires complement activation and neutrophils for the killing of L3 through an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mechanism.…”

Section: Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Strongyloides stercoralis: current perspectives

Varatharajalu¹,

Rao²

2016

RIP

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Abstract:Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode parasite with a global distribution. Most infected individuals have few or no symptoms. Strongyloidiasis is of primary medical importance, and fatal disease can occur in infected people who become immunosuppressed/ immunocompromised through the administration of steroids or because of coinfection with human T-lymphotropic virus I. Often, misdiagnoses of strongyloidiasis in patients leads to expensive, nonspecific, invasive diagnostic techniques, including endoscopy, barium swallow, cancer biopsies, chest X-rays, and computerized tomography (CT) scans. Delayed treatment for strongyloidiasis brings in medical complications, such as vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, weight loss, pulmonary abnormalities, and septicemia. Chronic infection is difficult to diagnose by standard stool examination; hence, a reliable recombinant antigen-based serodiagnosis is important. Though albendazole and thiabendazole reduce the burden of the disease, they are not effective in an immunocompromised host. Ivermectin has the advantage of eradicating the disease, even in an immunocompromised host, with fewer side effects compared to albendazole. However, drug treatment is a temporary solution since reinfection can often occur. Thus, developing effective vaccine candidate antigens is imperative to stop the disease.

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“…Trichinella spiralis Excretory-secretory, Ts87 and gp43 recombinated in Salmonella, TspE1 (31kDs) [82][83][84] Strongyloides ratti HSP60 in alum [85] Strongyloides stercoralis Ss-IR [86] Brugia malayi Irradiated infective mosquito-borne L3 larvae, ALT-1 and ALT-2 [87] Litomosoides sigmodontis Plasmids encoding L. sigmodontis antigens (including ALT) [88] Brugia pahangi Excretory-secretory [89] Dictyocaulus viviparus Radiation-attenuated larval vaccines (Dictol, Huskvac), rAChE, Excretory-secretory [90] Dictyocaulus filari X-irradiated larvae vaccine (Difill) [91] Trichostrongylus colubriformis CarLA (heat-stable Glycolipid: carbohydrate larval antigen), [92] T [53]. In Venezuela autoclaved Leishmania mexicana was used by Convit and his coworker [54].…”

Section: Vaccination Agent Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian Parasitic Vaccine: A Consolidated Exposition

Sumbria¹,

Singla²

2015

J Vaccines Immun

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Parasites are highly prevalent in livestock worldwide and infect over one fourth of the human population also. Parasites are successful in evading host immune responses, and vaccination can prove to be an effective way to control them. However, currently very few vaccines are available against parasitic infection. Two important limitations in the emergence of effective parasitic vaccines are incomplete understanding of the immunoregulatory pathways involved in immunity, and the lack of precise information regarding host-pathogen interactions. Precise identification of parasite genes and the role of their products in parasite biology may assist in the identification of useful antigens, which could then be produced in recombinant systems. Many recombinant parasitic antigens have been successfully used in livestock and new vaccines are under trail. Numerous vaccine antigens are defined to target a wide range of parasite species. Thus vaccines offer a green solution to control disease. Vaccines have multiple beneficial effects such as improvement of animal health and welfare by controlling animal infestations and infections; diminishing resistance to anthelmintics, acaricides and antibiotics; improving public health status by controlling food borne pathogens and zoonoses aspect related to animals; keeping animals and the environment free of chemical residues and maintaining biodiversity. This current review is an attempt to consolidate all commercial or under-trail vaccine for mammalian parasites.$ 64.6 million are lost in productivity losses. The average total costs for persons with mild, moderate, and severe illness were $116, $475, and $7,808, respectively [7,8]. In order to come out from adverse effect of these parasites an urge of effective control is needed. Up till now the control strategy of parasites relies mainly on the use of chemotherapy like anthelminthes, antiprotozoal drugs and insecticides etc, as they are safe, cheap and effective against a broad spectrum of parasites [9,10]. But indiscriminate use of these drugs led to the emergence of drug resistance in many targeted parasites [11]. On the same time, issues of residues in the food chain and environment have arisen, which threaten their sustained use [12]. So scientist and researcher are now a days concentrating on development of alternate sustainable methods like vaccinations, novel therapeutic regimens and immnuomodulations against these parasite [2]. The term "vaccine" was first coined by Edward Jenner in 1881; it was derived from Variolae vaccinae (smallpox of the cow). Vaccines are used to generate antibodies and boost immunity against a disease, and usually contain an agent which may be the microorganism, its product, toxins or one of its surface proteins, treated/modified to be used as an antigen without causing disease [13]. It can be prophylactic or therapeutic. Vaccination helps in the development of acquired immunity by inoculating non-pathogenic but immunogenic components of the pathogen, or closely related organisms. In animal ...

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Immunization with the recombinant antigen Ss-IR induces protective immunity to infection with Strongyloides stercoralis in mice

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

A Public Health Response against Strongyloides stercoralis: Time to Look at Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Full

A Public Health Response against Strongyloides stercoralis: Time to Look at Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Full

Strongyloides stercoralis: current perspectives

Mammalian Parasitic Vaccine: A Consolidated Exposition

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