Immunoassay to Detect Enhanced Carbamothioate Degradation in Soil

Hutchinson, Pamela; Shea, Patrick J.; Takacs, James M.; Staswick, Paul E.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00027792

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Consequently, metolachlor detection in this part of the study was accomplished through enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). This technique for pesticide residue detection and quantification in water and substrates has been reviewed (Hutchinson et al, 1993;Lawruk et al, 1992Lawruk et al, , 1994Van Emon et al, 1987. The range of metolachlor detection for this study was 0.05 to 5.0 µg•liter -1 (Van Emon et al, 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption, Mobility, and Filtration of Metolachlor in Container Media

Grey¹,

Wehtje²,

Hajek³

et al. 1996

jashs

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Adsorption, mobility, and filtration ability of organic media toward metolachlor were evaluated in a series of laboratory experiments. Experimental variables included media type, metolachlor concentration, and equilibration time. Adsorption isotherms were determined by applying the log form of the Freundlich equation. Mobility was evaluated using glass columns filled with media, which were then surface spiked with metolachlor and then leached daily for 10 consecutive days. Peat, pine bark, combinations of these two media and a mixture of pine bark and sand adsorbed >90% of the 14C metolachlor. Freundlich sorption coefficients were 10.9, 18.2, 13.4, 14.2, and 11.0 for pine bark, peat, 5 pine bark: 1 peat, 3 pine bark: 1 peat, and 5 pine bark: 1 sand, respectively. In a timed exposure experiment using bark, minimum metolachlor adsorption (57%) was at 90 seconds and maximum adsorption (82%) required at least 1440 minutes. In column leaching studies, data for all media indicate that metolachlor is relatively immobile through these substrates. An initial pulse of metolachlor (<1.0 μg·liter-1) was detected with each medium up to the third wetting event with a subsequent decline (>0.5 μg·liter-1 for each medium) in the metolachlor recovered. Filtration efficiency of commercially formulated metolachlor from water passed through different lengths of pine bark filled filters was 0%, 17%, 20%, 22%, 23%, and 29% for filters 4, 20, 12, 8, 16, and 24 cm in length, respectively. These results support the contention that such filtration would be effective provided the residence time of water within the filter was sufficient for adsorption of the contaminant by the media to occur.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption, Mobility, and Filtration of Metolachlor in Container Media

Grey¹,

Wehtje²,

Hajek³

et al. 1996

jashs

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“…In order for MD-MSEA scientists to determine the effectiveness of BMPs for reducing fluometuron in runoff, a method to detect fluometuron residue in a large number of water and soil samples was needed. Traditional herbicide detection by gas-liquid, high-performance liquid, and thin-layer chromatographic methods is reliable, but expensive, time-consuming, and requires a large sample volume (Hutchinson et al 1993). Immunoassay systems provide a simple, rapid, and costeffective alternative for screening (qualitative) purposes of detecting herbicides in the environment (Hall et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confirmation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Fluometuron in Soil¹

Shankle¹,

Shaw²,

Boyette³

2001

Weed Technology

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Research was conducted to compare the results of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for detecting fluometuron in the environment. A linear relationship for HPLC (R 2 > 0.90) and ELISA (R 2 > 0.66) analysis was observed between the natural logarithm of the detected fluometuron concentrations regressed against time in soil collected from a cropped area, a grass filter strip, and a riparian forest. Both methods detected the same initial fluometuron concentration (y-intercept) for two of the three soils evaluated. The ELISA and HPLC measurements of fluometuron concentrations compared favorably with r values from 0.83 to 0.98. Predicted fluometuron half-lives determined from HPLC and ELISA measurements were: 110 and 112 d in the cropped watershed, 28 and 29 d in the riparian area, and 11 and 11 d in the grass filter strip, respectively. Results from both techniques indicated shorter half-lives in soil from the grass filter strip and riparian area than in cropped area soil. There was an inverse correlation between predicted half-lives and soil organic matter, pH, clay, and cation exchange capacity.

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“…With enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques, high-ly sensitive detections are possible (38). Environmental applications of ELISA techniques with specific regard to terrestrial systems have mainly focused on the detection of pesticides (15,16,18) or viruses (12) or the study of the occurrence, survival, or competition of microorganisms (24,37). However, if specific antibodies are available, the technique has a high potential for the sensitive detection of specific gene products in soil.…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct detection of recombinant gene expression by two genetically engineered yeasts in soil on the transcriptional and translational levels

Tebbe¹,

Wenderoth²,

Vahjen³

et al. 1995

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The expression of a recombinant gene by yeasts seeded into soil samples was directly measured by analyzing transcripts and gene product occurrences in soil extracts. Two yeast species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae WHL292 and Hansenula polymorpha LR9-Apr4, both engineered by a synthetic gene sequence encoding the mammalian peptide aprotinin, produced and secreted this peptide in batch cultures at concentrations of 90 and 64 ng ml ؊1 , respectively. In S. cerevisiae, the aprotinin gene was located on plasmid p707 and expressed constitutively. H. polymorpha carried the gene chromosomally integrated, and its expression was inducible by methanol. To detect aprotinin transcripts, cells were directly lysed in the soil samples and the crude lysates were hybridized to oligo(dT)-coated magnetized polystyrene beads (Dynabeads). After separation and purification in a magnetic field, aprotinin mRNA was detected by reverse transcriptase PCR with aprotinin gene-specific primers. Transcripts from 10 cells g of soil ؊1 were sufficient for detection. When 10 7 cells of S. cerevisiae were inoculated into soil, aprotinin mRNA was detectable during the first 4 days. Addition of methanol and a combined nutrient solution was necessary to induce aprotinin gene expression of H. polymorpha in soil. Aprotinin could be detected directly in soil extracts by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal aprotinin-specific antibodies. The detection threshold was 45 pg g of soil ؊1. In presterilized soil inoculated with S. cerevisiae (10 6 CFU g ؊1), aprotinin accumulated during the first 10 days to 12 ng g of soil ؊1 and then remained constant. In nonsterile soil, however, aprotinin formation was observed only during the first 4 days and was followed by a decrease below the level of detection after 2 weeks. Similar results were obtained with induced cells of H. polymorpha. Thus, disappearance of aprotinin was due to its degradation by the indigenous soil microorganisms.

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Immunoassay to Detect Enhanced Carbamothioate Degradation in Soil

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Adsorption, Mobility, and Filtration of Metolachlor in Container Media

Adsorption, Mobility, and Filtration of Metolachlor in Container Media

Confirmation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Fluometuron in Soil¹

Direct detection of recombinant gene expression by two genetically engineered yeasts in soil on the transcriptional and translational levels

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Immunoassay to Detect Enhanced Carbamothioate Degradation in Soil

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Adsorption, Mobility, and Filtration of Metolachlor in Container Media

Adsorption, Mobility, and Filtration of Metolachlor in Container Media

Confirmation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Fluometuron in Soil1

Direct detection of recombinant gene expression by two genetically engineered yeasts in soil on the transcriptional and translational levels

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Confirmation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect Fluometuron in Soil¹