Immunogenicity, Efficacy, Effectiveness and Overall Impact of HPV Vaccines

Lehtinen, Matti; Nieminen, Pekka; Apter, Dan; Namujju, Proscowa; Natunen, Kari; Rana, M; Paavonen, Jorma

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1988-4_10

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…68,69 It has also been shown to be effective at preventing high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in young people. 70 The effect on precancerous anal lesions has not yet been reported.…”

Section: Hpv Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anal Carcinoma, Version 2.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

Benson,

Venook,

Al-Hawary

et al. 2023

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

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This discussion summarizes the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines for managing squamous cell anal carcinoma, which represents the most common histologic form of the disease. A multidisciplinary approach including physicians from gastroenterology, medical oncology, surgical oncology, radiation oncology, and radiology is necessary. Primary treatment of perianal cancer and anal canal cancer are similar and include chemoradiation in most cases. Follow-up clinical evaluations are recommended for all patients with anal carcinoma because additional curative-intent treatment is possible. Biopsy-proven evidence of locally recurrent or persistent disease after primary treatment may require surgical treatment. Systemic therapy is generally recommended for extrapelvic metastatic disease. Recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines for Anal Carcinoma include staging classification updates based on the 9th edition of the AJCC Staging System and updates to the systemic therapy recommendations based on new data that better define optimal treatment of patients with metastatic anal carcinoma.

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Section: Hpv Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anal Carcinoma, Version 2.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

Benson,

Venook,

Al-Hawary

et al. 2023

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

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“…First-generation HPV vaccines, Gardasil (Merck & Company, Kenilworth, New Jersey) 102 and Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium), 103 target HPV16 and HPV18 (HPV16/HPV18), which cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers. Gardasil also targets HPV6 and HPV11 (HPV6/HPV11), which are non-high-risk HPV types responsible for 90% of anogenital warts (Condyloma acuminata).…”

Section: Primary Prevention: Prophylactic Hpv Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus

Castle

Einstein

Sahasrabuddhe

2021

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

122

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Despite being highly preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer death in women globally. In low-income countries, cervical cancer is often the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at a particularly high risk of cervical cancer because of an impaired immune response to human papillomavirus, the obligate cause of virtually all cervical cancers. Globally, approximately 1 in 20 cervical cancers is attributable to HIV; in sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 1 in 5 cervical cancers is due to HIV. Here, the authors provide a critical appraisal of the evidence to date on the impact of HIV disease on cervical cancer risk, describe key methodologic issues, and frame the key outstanding research questions, especially as they apply to ongoing global efforts for prevention and control of cervical cancer. Expanded efforts to integrate HIV care with cervical cancer prevention and control, and vice versa, could assist the global effort to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem. CA Cancer

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“…As HPV infection is limited to basal epithelial cells, the virus is normally "hiding" from circulating immune cells during initial stages of infection, limiting the host's immune responses. Additionally, to evade the host's immune system and achieve persistent infection, HPV has developed several mechanisms to down-regulate host immunity [27,28]. The virus's success in evading the immune system is corroborated by the finding that of the women infected with HPV, only 50% develop anti-HPV antibodies (mainly anti-L1).…”

Section: Immunity Of Natural Hpv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%