Immunogenicity generated by mRNA vaccine encoding VZV gE antigen is comparable to adjuvanted subunit vaccine and better than live attenuated vaccine in nonhuman primates

Monslow, Morgan A.; Elbashir, Sayda M.; Sullivan, Nicole; Thiriot, David S.; Ahl, Patrick L.; Smith, Jeff; Miller, Elise; Cook, James C.; Cosmi, Scott; Thoryk, Elizabeth; Citron, Michael; Thambi, Nithya; Shaw, Christine A.; Hazuda, Daria J.; Vora, Kalpit A.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.06.062

Cited by 47 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Those are all important questions, and it will take time to answer them. Two RNA vaccine studies encoding other antigens did not see durable antibody titers in humans or non-human primates (Feldman et al, 2019;Monslow et al, 2020). However, those studies were with other antigens and different vaccine formulations.…”

Section: Interim Phase 3 Vaccine Trial Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Sette

Crotty

2021

Cell

1,609

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The adaptive immune system is important for control of most viral infections. The three fundamental components of the adaptive immune system are B cells (the source of antibodies), CD4 + T cells, and CD8 + T cells. The armamentarium of B cells, CD4 + T cells, and CD8 + T cells has differing roles in different viral infections and in vaccines, and thus it is critical to directly study adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 to understand COVID-19. Knowledge is now available on relationships between antigen-specific immune responses and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although more studies are needed, a picture has begun to emerge that reveals that CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, and neutralizing antibodies all contribute to control of SARS-CoV-2 in both non-hospitalized and hospitalized cases of COVID-19. The specific functions and kinetics of these adaptive immune responses are discussed, as well as their interplay with innate immunity and implications for COVID-19 vaccines and immune memory against re-infection.

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Section: Interim Phase 3 Vaccine Trial Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Sette

Crotty

2021

Cell

1,609

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The new biomaterial thus prepared has the potential to rival other macromolecular materials, such as hydrogels, [37,38,39] in terms of practical applications. As briefly mentioned above, practical applications for RNA-containing materials may include vaccination, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] gene-based therapies, [25] and the manipulation of cellular phenotypes. [26]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One class of biomolecules that is emerging as novel therapeutics, vaccines or gene editing agents are messenger RNAs. For example, studies on mRNA vaccines against cancer [13][14][15][16] and viral diseases, [17][18][19][20][21] including clinical trials aimed at SARS-CoV-2 have been initiated. [22][23][24] Vaccination, as well as other potential medical uses of RNA [25,26] benefit from a formulation of the labile polynucleotide chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization Networks of mRNA and Branched RNA Hybrids

et al. 2020

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Messenger RNA (mRNA) is emerging as an attractive biopolymer for therapy and vaccination. To become suitable for vaccination, mRNA is usually converted to a biomaterial, using cationic peptides, polymers or lipids. An alternative form of converting mRNA into a material is demonstrated that uses branched oligoribonucleotide hybrids with the ability to hybridize with one or more regions of the mRNA sequence. Two such hybrids with hexamer arms and adamantane tetraol as branching element were prepared by solution‐phase synthesis. When a rabies mRNA was treated with the branched hybrids at 1 M NaCl concentration, biomaterials formed that contained both of the nucleic acids. These results show that branched oligoribonucleotides are an alternative to the often toxic reagents commonly used to formulate mRNA for medical applications.

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“…Since optimized mRNAs are continually existing in the cytosol, mRNA vaccines are being applied in diseaserelated immunotherapy. mRNAs are translated into corresponding antigens after being inoculated into host cells, imitating virus-infection-like humoral immunity and cellular immunity [62,63]. The nature of the corresponding antigens is an immune response-inducing antigen.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Mrna Vaccine-mediated Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy

Wei¹,

et al. 2021

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AbstractmRNA vaccines have tremendous potential to fight against cancer and viral diseases due to superiorities in safety, efficacy and industrial production. In recent decades, we have witnessed the development of different kinds of mRNAs by sequence optimization to overcome the disadvantage of excessive mRNA immunogenicity, instability and inefficiency. Based on the immunological study, mRNA vaccines are coupled with immunologic adjuvant and various delivery strategies. Except for sequence optimization, the assistance of mRNA-delivering strategies is another method to stabilize mRNAs and improve their efficacy. The understanding of increasing the antigen reactiveness gains insight into mRNA-induced innate immunity and adaptive immunity without antibody-dependent enhancement activity. Therefore, to address the problem, scientists further exploited carrier-based mRNA vaccines (lipid-based delivery, polymer-based delivery, peptide-based delivery, virus-like replicon particle and cationic nanoemulsion), naked mRNA vaccines and dendritic cells-based mRNA vaccines. The article will discuss the molecular biology of mRNA vaccines and underlying anti-virus and anti-tumor mechanisms, with an introduction of their immunological phenomena, delivery strategies, their importance on Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related clinical trials against cancer and viral diseases. Finally, we will discuss the challenge of mRNA vaccines against bacterial and parasitic diseases.

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Immunogenicity generated by mRNA vaccine encoding VZV gE antigen is comparable to adjuvanted subunit vaccine and better than live attenuated vaccine in nonhuman primates

Cited by 47 publications

References 36 publications

Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Hybridization Networks of mRNA and Branched RNA Hybrids

mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy

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