Immunogenicity, safety and protective efficacy of one dose of the rhesus rotavirus vaccine and serotype 1 and 2 human-rhesus rotavirus reassortants in children from Lima, Peru

Performance of rotavirus vaccines in developed and developing countries

“…[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In contrast, these vaccines failed to provide protection in challenging impoverished settings (pooled efficacy = 20%; 95% CI = <0 to 39) where the vaccine would be most critical to saving lives. [28][29][30][31][32][33] That said, the encouraging data from developed countries for these early vaccines confirmed that rotavirus vaccines held great promise; moreover, the trials identified early in the course of vaccine development that improvements in performance would be necessary for success of these vaccines in developing country settings. It is important to note that substantial heterogeneity existed among the trials for the first generation vaccines with regard to number of doses administered, age at vaccine administration, outcome measures of severity, and time of follow-up.…”

“…First, in the one trial from Venezuela where high efficacy (90%) was observed against severe disease, the predominant of 51% (95% CI = 26 to 68) was observed. 32,48,49 While efficacy of the second generation vaccines was still lower in developing countries than efficacy in industrialized settings, the higher burden of severe disease in developing countries translated into a greater absolute reduction in severe rotavirus disease in the poorest settings. 48 Rhesus-human reassortant (RRV-TV; Rotashield).…”

Detection and Characterization of Rotavirus G and P Types from Children Participating in a Rotavirus Vaccine Trial in Belém, Brazil

“…To our knowledge, characterization of P genotypes has not been performed in previous vaccine trials worldwide (Clark et al 1995, Lanata et al 1996.…”

Rotavirus Infection: A Perspective on Epidemiology, Genomic Diversity and Vaccine Strategies

“…Similar to the first generation vaccines, in developed countries, the second-generation vaccines demonstrated high efficacy against severe rotavirus disease [47]. In addition, substantial improvements were noted compared with the first generation vaccines with regard to vaccine efficacy in developing countries where a pooled efficacy of 51% was observed [47,49]. While efficacy of the second generation vaccines was still lower in developing countries than efficacy in industrialized settings, the higher burden of severe disease in developing countries translated into a greater absolute reduction in severe rotavirus disease in the poorest settings [52].…”

“…In industrialized countries, clinical trials for three Jennerian vaccines using attenuated animal strains demonstrated good efficacy against severe rotavirus disease [20,69,79,91,[95][96][97][98]. In contrast, these vaccines failed to provide protection in challenging impoverished settings where the vaccine would be most critical to saving lives [32,40,41,48,49,85]. That said, the encouraging data from developed countries for these early vaccines confirmed that rotavirus vaccines held great promise; moreover, the trials identified early in the course of vaccine development that improvements in performance would be necessary for success of these vaccines in developing country settings.…”