Immunohistochemistry in ocular carcinomas

Sramek, Brett; Lisle, Allison; Loy, Timothy S.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.2007.00871.x

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Such studies have had variable results, with some showing high sensitivity and specificity to separate SC from BCC and SCC. [17][18][19][20][21] Our data differs from the previous studies in terms of CK7 expression in both SCC and BCC. We found that 28.5% of BCC, 9% of SCC, and 88.8% of cases of SC expressed CK7.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Plaza

Mackinnon

Carrillo³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a relatively uncommon malignant epithelial neoplasm with a predilection for the periocular region. The diagnosis of SC can be difficult to make at initial presentation, as it can clinically and histopathologically resemble other common benign and malignant epithelial lesions. A diagnosis of SC is made by confirmation of sebaceous differentiation of neoplastic cells, which can often be accomplished by conventional microscopic findings; however, its recognition may be sometimes difficult and requires ancillary studies such as immunohistochemistry (IHC). Many studies have evaluated the role of IHC as a potential technique to differentiate SC from its mimics; however, most of these studies have used a limited panel of antibodies with variable results. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of IHC in the diagnosis of SC and to provide some guidelines for interpretation in the diagnosis of these neoplasms. We studied 27 cases of SC with a broad panel of IHC markers using a tissue microarray technique. We also studied 21 control cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 22 control cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Representative tissue cores were taken and processed from each case, and the tissue microarrays were stained by standard methods using antibodies to EMA, CK7, Ber-EP4, Factor XIIIA, androgen receptor, p53, adipophilin, progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), squalene synthase (SQS), and alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5). Our studies show that EMA was expressed in all cases of SC, CK7 was expressed in 24 of 27 cases, Ber-EP4 was expressed in 7 of 27 cases, Factor XIIIA was negative in all cases, androgen receptor was expressed in 9 of 27 cases, P53 was expressed in 12 of 27 cases, adipophilin was expressed in all cases, PGRMC1 was expressed in 22 of 27 cases, SQS was expressed in 11 of 27 cases, and ABHD5 was expressed in 9 of 27 cases. EMA was negative in all cases of BCC, CK7 was expressed in 6 of 21 cases, Ber-EP4 was expressed in 21 of 21 cases, Factor XIIIA was negative in all cases, androgen receptor was expressed in 3 of 21 cases, P53 was expressed in 4 of 21 cases, adipophilin, PGRMC1, SQS, and ABHD5 were negative in all cases of BCC. Similarly, EMA was expressed in 16 of 22 cases of SCC, CK7 was expressed in 2 of 22 cases, Ber-EP4, Factor XIIIA, and androgen receptor were negative in all cases, P53 was expressed in 3 of 22 cases, adipophilin, PGRMC1, SQS, and ABHD5 were negative in all cases of SCC. Our study indicates that adipophilin represents a sensitive and reliable marker for the diagnosis of SC and can be of help in separating this tumor from some of its mimics. Additionally, inclusion of various epithelial markers in the panel will be of help if adequately used. Other antibodies against the PAT family of lipid droplet-associated proteins including PGRMC1, SQS, and ABHD5 were not as sensitive as adipophilin for identifying sebaceous differentiation and may therefore not be as useful for differential diagnosis as adi...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Plaza

Mackinnon

Carrillo³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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“…Variable results have been reported for BER-EP4 and androgen receptor staining in SebCC [10, 11, 15]. The histopathological features and overall immunohistochemical analysis of both of our cases, as demonstrated in Table 1 and Figure 2, were consistent with a diagnosis of SebCC [9-15]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Adipophilin is expressed in a membranous and vesicular pattern in sebaceous tumors, while a nonspecific granular pattern of staining is found in other tumors such as BCC and SCC [13]. Variable results have been reported for BER-EP4 and androgen receptor staining in SebCC [10, 11, 15]. The histopathological features and overall immunohistochemical analysis of both of our cases, as demonstrated in Table 1 and Figure 2, were consistent with a diagnosis of SebCC [9-15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regression of Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Eyelid after a Small Incisional Biopsy: Report of Two Cases

et al. 2018

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Purpose: To report 2 cases of regression of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid after a small incisional biopsy. Methods: Clinical, imaging, and histopathological findings are presented, with a literature review on regressing ocular tumors. Results: Our first patient was a 79-year-old man who presented with a 10-month history of progressive left upper eyelid ptosis caused by an eyelid tumor with orbital involvement and confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging. Our second patient was a 70-year-old woman who presented with ptosis with a left upper eyelid mass. Both patients underwent a small incisional biopsy of their lesion. The histopathological diagnoses in both cases were consistent with sebaceous carcinoma. Both patients refused exenteration. Follow-up clinical examination and imaging disclosed total regression of the ptosis and of the neoplasm with no sign of recurrence in both patients over a 4-year period for Case 1 and a 7-year period for Case 2. Conclusion: Regression following incisional biopsy of basal cell, squamous cell, and Merkel cell carcinoma, including of the eyelid, is well documented. To the best of our knowledge, our 2 cases of sebaceous carcinoma are the first to be reported with total involution clinically and on imaging of the tumor following partial incisional biopsy.

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“…8 By immunohistochemistry, the tumor is negative for melanocytic markers (HMB45, MART-1, and S-100) and positive for CAM5.2, Ber-ep4, CK7, EMA, and androgen receptor marker. 23 Diagnosis of this mass was inconclusive by morphology and negative Fontana-Masson. Positive immunohistochemistry staining with MART-1, a melanocyte protein marker along with the demonstration of Type II melanosomes on TEM were used to confirm the diagnosis of metastatic amelanotic melanoma.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelanotic Melanoma in a New Zealand White Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

et al. 2010

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A 3.5-year-old intact male double-transgenic New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), apoA-I and LCAT (apolipoprotein and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase), was presented with a discrete, raised facial mass (0.5 Â 1.0 Â 1.0 cm). The mass was surgically excised, with reoccurrence to the same site 88 days later. A second surgical excision was performed, and the rabbit died 3 weeks later from respiratory distress. At necropsy, multiple varying-sized masses were observed in the ventral mandibular region and throughout the lungs, pleura, and diaphragm. On histopathology, the masses were composed of moderately anisocytotic and anisokaryotic polygonal to spindloid cells with moderate finely granular, lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, having round to oval nuclei with one to several nucleoli and finely stippled chromatin. Mitotic figures were frequent. Lymphatic and venous invasion were noted with neoplastic cells metastasized to the submandibular lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and adventitial surface of the aorta. Fontana-Masson stain was negative for melanin, thereby necessitating immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Positive staining with MART-1 (a melanocyte protein marker) combined with transmission electron microscopy revealing type II melanosomes confirmed the diagnosis of an amelanotic melanoma.

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Immunohistochemistry in ocular carcinomas

Abstract: An EMA positive, Ber-EP4 positive immunophenotype supports sebaceous carcinoma, EMA positive, Ber-EP4 negative result supports squamous cell carcinoma and an EMA negative, Ber-EP4 positive result supports basal cell carcinoma.

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Regression of Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Eyelid after a Small Incisional Biopsy: Report of Two Cases

Amelanotic Melanoma in a New Zealand White Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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