Immunomarker Study in Primary Breast Carcinoma: A 3 Year Cross Sectional Study in Rural Population of Western Odisha

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world and,by far,the most frequent cancer among women with an estimated 1.67 million new cancer cases diagnosed in 2012. It is well established that there are at least 4 main molecular subtypes of breast cancer based on different patterns of gene expression, and they have a considerable impact on outcome. Objective of this study is to establish a comparative analysis of breast cancer by IHC assay in western Odisha and to correlate with reference to tumor sizes, histological grade and lymph node involvement. Methods: This study was conducted in VIMSAR, Burla, Odisha from July 2014 to August 2017 where 66 Cases of radical mastectomy received for routine histopathological evaluation from Dept of Surgery for histological typing and evaluation of IHC status by Dako Envision TM FLEX/HRP detection reagent. ER, PR, Her2neu and Ki67 were evaluated as per ASCO/CAP guidelines. The molecular subtypes were correlated with known prognostic markers as tumor size,histologic grade and lymph node status. Results: Triple negative and Her2neu 20.9% of cases were more aggressive and correlated with increased tumor size,higher grade and majority showed lymph node involvement at an early stage. Conclusion: After overall assessment it was seen that majority of cases were Luminal A type followed by triple negative and Her2neu positive cases indicating not only the latter are related to poor outcome but also showed its increased prevalence in this part of odisha possibly because of late presentation. Molecular typing help categorize and plan targeted therapy to patients.