Immunosensors in clinical analysis

Stefan, Raluca‐Ioana; Staden, Jacobus Frederick van; Aboul‐Enein, H. Y.

doi:10.1007/s002160051560

Cited by 67 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…These traits have led to the development of a number of important immunosensing techniques in which antibodies of a desired specificity are used to test for the presence of a given antigen (1)(2)(3)(4). For example, RIAs have been used in clinical settings to screen for such viruses as hepatitis (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct detection of antibody–antigen binding using an on-chip artificial pore

Saleh

Sohn

2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

166

128

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We demonstrate a rapid and highly sensitive all-electronic technique based on the resistive pulse method of particle sizing with a pore to detect the binding of unlabeled antibodies to the surface of latex colloids. Here, we use an on-chip pore to sense colloids derivatized with streptavidin and measure accurately their diameter increase on specific binding to several different types of antibodies. We show the sensitivity of this technique to the concentration of free antibody and that it can be used to perform immunoassays in both inhibition and sandwich configurations. Overall, our technique does not require labeling of the reactants and is performed rapidly by using very little solution, and the pore itself is fabricated quickly and inexpensively by using soft lithography. Finally, because this method relies only on the volume of bound ligand, it can be generally applied to detecting a wide range of ligand-receptor binding reactions.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct detection of antibody–antigen binding using an on-chip artificial pore

Saleh

Sohn

2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

166

128

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“…Immunosensor monitor antigen-antibody interaction in which either antigen or antibody is immobilized on a solid-state surface of electrode and participate in biospecific interaction with the other component, allowing detection of desired biomolecule. Antigen-antibody reactions are very specific and a very minute concentration of target molecule in the body can be detected and easily screened [70]. Immunoreactions are known for their high sensitivity and selectivity so most reliable tool for clinical diagnosis.…”

Section: Immuno-nanobiosensormentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Trends in Medical Diagnosis: A Thrust on Nanotechnology

SH¹

2014

Med chem

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Nanotechnology is the manipulation of material on an atomic and molecular scale; by changing its physical, chemical and biological properties to produce novel materials, devices, and systems. Nanomaterials exhibit remarkable characteristics such as high surface to volume ratio, catalytic activity, and biocompatibility which make them suitable for various biomedical applications. Nanotechnology have prospective to improve the whole healthcare process for patient; starts from diagnosis to treatment and follow-up monitoring. Medical diagnosis based on nanotechnology provides two major advantages: rapid testing and early diagnosis. The potential contributions of nanotechnology in the medical diagnosis are extremely broad and improve traditional diagnostic tools and methods in the field of clinical diagnosis, imaging and electro-diagnosis. Emerging modalities such as biochip, microarray, nanobarcode, micro-electromechanical systems, lab on chip and nanobiosensor have revolutionized the field of medical diagnosis. Nanoscale materials and nano-enabled techniques are used for diagnosis of various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, infectious disease, musculoskeletal and neurodegenerative disease etc. Among all medical applications of nanotechnology, nanobiosensor especially enzyme nanobiosensor are sensitive, reliable, robust, reproducible and cost effective diagnostic tool to meet the requirements of healthcare.

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“…The specific interaction is sensed by a transducer and measurements can be obtained directly, in minutes, rather than the hours required for visualizing results of an ELISA test (Spangler et al, 2001). Either an antigen or antibody can be immobilized onto a surface of support in an array format (Huang et al, 2004) and participates in a biospecific interaction with the other component, allowing detection and quantification of an analyte of interest (Stefan et al, 2000). The sensors may operate either as direct or as indirect sensors often referred to homogeneous and heterogeneous immunosensors, respectively.…”

Section: Biorecognition Elements and Transduction Technology 21 Biormentioning

confidence: 99%