Immunotherapy in cancer: A review

Abstract

Cancer is the most threatening disorder with increasing stuffers globally. Immune system of human body carries a set of defensive processes whenever cancer is detected by its specialized cells. While immunosurveillance, the host fight against foreign antigens. By targeting surface antigens expressed in tumor cells, monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated efficacy as cancer therapeutics. The checkpoint blockade therapy involves the use of antibodies to block pathways inhibiting the endogenous immune response to cancer. Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is highly personalized cancer bearing host of immune cells with direct anticancer activity. We emphasize how the history of cancer immunotherapy paved the path for discoveries that are now standard of care in this review article.