Impact of Climate Change on the Forest Resources of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Abstract

The paper deals with the impact of climate change on the forest resources of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The basis of forest cover is formed by stands with a predominance of pine, spruce, birch, linden, alder, aspen, and oak. Climate changes directly or indirectly affect the state of forest ecosystems and, as a result, the development of the entire forestry complex of the Republic. The climate affects the productivity, species composition of forests, as well as their resistance to destructive natural and anthropogenic factors. One of the most pressing issues today is the assessment of the significance of the ongoing climate changes for forest ecosystems, both in the field of fundamental research and in the planning of socio-economic development of regions. Indicator plants confirm ecological displacement of the distribution areas of plant species due to changes in temperature and hydrological regimes, as well as anthropogenic factors. Proceeding from the fact that the type of forest is derived from climate, terrain, groundwater level, soil conditions, there is a problem of forecasting the climatically determined dynamics of the forest based on the current relief of the area and soils in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Spatial differentiation of forests in the Russian Federation based on the author's algorithm for assessing the level of adaptation to climate change

“…Мероприятия по адаптации лесного хозяйства к климатическим изменениям направлены на уменьшение следующих рисков: изменение продуктивности лесов [10,11,12], изменения в видовом составе лесов [13,14,15], увеличение частоты возникновения лесных пожаров и площадей, пройденных огнем [16,17,18], увеличение частоты вспышек массового размножения вредных организмов [19,20] и увеличение частоты проявления последствий экстремальных погодных явлений в лесах [20, 21,22]. В Лесных планах субъектов Российской Федерации, утверждённых после 2017 года, в главе 4.2 содержится информация 2 о планируемых мероприятиях по сохранению экологического потенциала лесов, адаптации к изменениям климата и повышению устойчивости лесов.…”