Impact of climate variability on the water resources in the Draa basin (Morocco): Analysis of the rainfall regime and groundwater recharge

Ouysse, Samira; Laftouhi, Nour‐Eddine; Taj-Eddine, Kamal; Taniguchi, Makoto; Holman, Ian

doi:10.1201/b10530-6

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, Sr concentrations were higher and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios lower during the non-irrigation period. This pattern can be attributed to a decrease during the latter of the supply to the watershed of irrigation water, which has a relatively low Sr concentration and relatively high 87 Sr/ 86 Sr. itation datum below the LMWL was consistent with the observation that the water isotopic composition of precipitation tends to lie below the LMWL during relatively warm periods (Yabusaki, 2010;Yoshimura and Ichiyanagi, 2009;Tsuchihara et al, 2016). The regression lines for stream water (short dashed line: 'Stream') and wells (long dashed line: 'Wells') were not as steep as the LMWL.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

“…5), whereas the isotopic composition of water at the paddy outlet deviated slightly from that line. The slope of the 'Well' line was 6.10 and deviated from the local meteoric water line (LMWL) at Utsunomiya, located approximately 20 km from the point-scale survey site (Yabusaki, 2010). The regression line for water in the paddy had a slope of 5.90 and deviated even more from the LMWL.…”

Section: Water Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The water isotopes in the stream (light blue squares) were linearly related to each other from upstream (Br-1: lower-left) to downstream ends (Br-23: upper-right), and their abundance increased continuously in the downstream direction. The LMWL at Utsunomiya (dotted line, LMWL;Yabusaki, 2010), approximately 20 km from the watershed, had a slope of 8.30. The position of the precip-…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantification of seasonal variabilities in groundwater discharge in an extensive irrigation watershed using H, O, and Sr isotopes

Yoshida

Nakano

Shin

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Numerous studies have quantified stream–groundwater interactions using geochemical or environmental tracers. However, in watersheds where water is extensively used for rice paddy irrigation, uncertainties in estimation remain due to kinetic fractionation of stable isotopes during evaporation from ponded paddies and seasonal variations of the isotopic composition of recharged water. In this study, we used three different methods (streamflow observation, stable isotopes of water, and Sr isotopes) to quantify groundwater discharge to streams in a watershed substantially impacted by rice paddy irrigation in central Japan. We conducted point- and watershed-scale observations of surface water, soil water, groundwater, and ponded water in rice paddies and examined changes in these isotopic compositions. Point-scale observations revealed that Sr isotopes were more appropriate for quantification because the Sr isotopes in groundwater was significantly different from surface water and less variable in time compared to water isotopes. At watershed-scale, isotopic compositions of stream water changed linearly from upstream end to downstream end, suggesting streamflow consisted of two endmembers. We then quantified groundwater discharge to the stream based on measurement of streamflow and surface lateral inflow/outflow during both irrigation and non-irrigation periods. This water balance method yielded large uncertainties in the estimation due to errors in streamflow measurement, while Sr isotopes provided well constrained estimates during both irrigation and non-irrigation periods. The ratios of groundwater to the stream, estimated from Sr isotopes, was in the range 7–86 % during the irrigation period and 38–66 % during the non-irrigation period. Stable isotopes of water also provided good estimates during the non-irrigation period but underestimated groundwater discharge during the irrigation period due to the ill-defined groundwater end member. The use of Sr isotopes has the potential to aid in quantification of temporal variations in groundwater discharge and to provide important information for water resource managers.

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Water Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of seasonal variabilities in groundwater discharge in an extensive irrigation watershed using H, O, and Sr isotopes

Yoshida

Nakano

Shin

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…The climate of the area is humid temperate, with an annual precipitation of 1246 ± mm and an annual mean temperature of 13.4 ± 0.6°C (average values for 1951-2000; meteorological data at the Aerological Observatory in Tsukuba, which is located 6 km southeast of the sampling site). The precipitation collector consists of a polyethylene (PE) funnel (diameter of 15 or 21 cm), a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle (3 or 5 L), a specially designed piece of glassware with a ping-pong ball inside (to prevent evaporative loss of the sample; e.g., Shimada et al, 1994;Yabusaki et al, 2006), and silicon plugs used to make connections. Two collectors were usually set up to ensure sufficient monthly precipitation sample volumes for the measurement of 36 Cl, even in cases where the monthly precipitation amount was significantly smaller than normal.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the 36Cl deposition flux in central Japan: natural background levels and seasonal variability

Tosaki

Tase

Sasa

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Essential parameters for the applications of 36 Cl as a tracer in groundwater studies include the initial 36 Cl/Cl ratio, at the time of recharge, and/or the natural background deposition flux of 36 Cl in the recharge area. To facilitate the hydrological use of 36 Cl in central Japan, this study aims to obtain a precise estimate of the long-term average local 36 Cl flux and to characterize its seasonal variability. 36 Cl in precipitation was continuously monitored in Tsukuba, central Japan 2 over a period of >5 years. The 36 Cl flux showed a clear seasonal variation with an annual peak during the spring, which is attributed to the seasonal variability of tropopause height. The long-term average 36 Cl flux (32 ± 2 atoms m −2 s −1), estimated from the measured data, is consistent with the prediction from the 36 Cl latitudinal fallout model scaled using the global mean production rate of 20 atoms m −2 s −1. The initial 36 Cl/Cl ratio was estimated to be (41 ± 6) × 10 −15 , which is similar to that of pre-bomb groundwater in the Tsukuba Upland. An observation period covering an 11-year solar cycle would yield more accurate estimates of the values, given the increased 36 Cl flux during the solar minimum.

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“…Baiu front (early summer) (Matsumoto et al 1971) North Pacific high (late summer) (Miyasaka and Nakamura 2005) Okhotsk high (Ogi et al 2004) Bonin high (Enomoto et al 2003) Precipitation and cloudiness over Japan during early summer Tropical cyclones (Grossman et al 2015) Autumnal rain front (Yabusaki et al 2010) Heavy precipitation over eastern Japan Heavy precipitation in September-October over Japan value of -1 or ? 1 refers to a perfect negative or positive linear association between a predictor and a predictand (Ratner 2009).…”

Section: Probable Predictor-predictand Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning for downscaling: the use of parallel multiple populations in genetic programming

Sachindra

Kanae

2019

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

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In the implementation of traditional GP algorithm as models are evolved in a single deme (an environment in which a population of models is evolved) it may tend to produce sub-optimal models with poor generalisation skills due to lack of model diversity. As a solution to above issue, in this study the potential of evolving models in parallel multiple demes with different genetic attributes (parallel heterogeneous environments) and subsequent further evolution of some of the fittest models selected from each deme in another deme called the master deme was investigated, in relation to downscaling of large-scale climate data to daily minimum temperature (T min) and daily maximum temperature (T max). It was discovered that independent of the climate regime (i.e. warm or cold) and the geographic location of the observation station, a fraction of the fittest models (e.g. 25%) obtained from the last generation of each deme alone are sufficient for the formulation of a diverse initial population of models for the master deme. Also, independent of the climate regime and the geographic location of the observation station, both daily T min and T max downscaling models developed with the parallel multipopulation genetic programming (PMPGP) algorithm showed better generalisation skills compared to that of models developed with the traditional single deme GP, even when the amount of redundant information in the data of predictors was high. The models developed for daily T min and T max with the PMPGP algorithm simulated fewer unphysically large outliers compared to that of models developed with the GP algorithm.

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Impact of climate variability on the water resources in the Draa basin (Morocco): Analysis of the rainfall regime and groundwater recharge

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Quantification of seasonal variabilities in groundwater discharge in an extensive irrigation watershed using H, O, and Sr isotopes

Quantification of seasonal variabilities in groundwater discharge in an extensive irrigation watershed using H, O, and Sr isotopes

Measurement of the 36Cl deposition flux in central Japan: natural background levels and seasonal variability

Machine learning for downscaling: the use of parallel multiple populations in genetic programming

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