Impact of cold flow improvers on soybean biodiesel blend

Chiu, Chuang-Wei; Schumacher, Leon; Suppes, Galen J.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2004.04.006

Cited by 156 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although biodiesels have higher flash point, previous studies indicated that biodiesel was not suitable to be used in cold weather conditions because of its higher viscosity, cetane number, iodine value, and minor constituents such as saturated monoacylglycerols or free steryl glucosides (Dunn, 2009;Eevera et al, 2009;Tesfa et al, 2010) which may influence pipeline transportation and induce fuel system flushing and power loss. Therefore, biodiesels were not suitable to be used in cold weather conditions unless additive or heating system was used (Chiu et al, 2004;Tate et al, 2006).…”

Section: Fuel Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of Regulated Pollutants and PAHs from Waste-cooking-oil Biodiesel-fuelled Heavy-duty Diesel Engine with Catalyzer

Liu

Lin

Hsu

2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The development of biodiesels is being driven by the need for reducing emissions from diesel engines without modifying engines and for saving energy. The major obstacle to biodiesel commercialization is the high cost of raw materials. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil is an economical source and an effective strategy for reducing the raw material cost. Although biodiesels made from waste cooking oil have been previously investigated, PAH emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDEs) with catalyzer fueled with biodiesel from waste cooking oil and its blend with ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) for the US-HDD transient cycle have seldom been addressed. Experimental results indicate that ULSD/WCOB (biodiesel made from waste cooking oil) blends had lower PM, HC, and CO emissions but higher CO 2 and NO x emissions when compared with that of ULSD. Using ULSD/WCOB blends instead of ULSD decreased PAHs by 14.1%-53.3%, PM by 6.80%-15.1%, HC by 6.76%-23.5%, and CO by 0.962%-8.65% but increase CO 2 by 0.318-1.43% and NO x by 0.384-1.15%. Using WCOB is an economical source and an effective strategy for reducing cost, and solves the problem of waste oil disposal.

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Section: Fuel Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of Regulated Pollutants and PAHs from Waste-cooking-oil Biodiesel-fuelled Heavy-duty Diesel Engine with Catalyzer

Liu

Lin

Hsu

2012

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Soluble polymeric compounds (0, 0.4 and 0.8 g) were weighed into flasks. Palm oil methyl esters (40 g) were added to each flask [5]. The mixtures were mixed thoroughly.…”

Section: Pour Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymeric additives were reported to have the effect of lowering the PP or sometimes even the CP. Most additives function by crystal modification, reducing the size and modifying the shape of the wax crystals [4][5][6][7], but do not alter initial formation of the crystals. Hence, they do not generally affect the CP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of polymers and surfactants on the pour point of palm oil methyl esters

Sern

May

Zakaria

et al. 2007

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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The objective of this research was to find some additives suitable to reduce the pour point (PP) of palm oil methyl esters. The PP properties of palm oil methyl esters (biodiesel) were evaluated with commercially available polymeric and surfactant compounds with various polarities, molecular sizes and structures. The compounds under study were poly(ethylene glycol), poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), poly(ethylene glycol) distearate, poly-(octadecyl methacrylate), poly(1-decene), poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene), caprylic acid sodium salt, N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, polyoxyethylene(2) cetyl ether and polyoxyethylene(10) cetyl ether. Seven out of the twelve polymeric compounds tested were miscible in palm oil methyl esters due to similar polarities of the solute and biodiesel. The blends of the resultant seven polymeric compounds in palm oil methyl esters were evaluated respectively for their effect on the PP property. Poly-(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) was able to improve the PP of palm oil methyl esters from 12 to 6 7C when 2 wt-% was added. The cloud point was reduced from 12.9 to 8.1 7C, and the cold filter plugging point was reduced from 12 to 7 7C, whilst the flash point value remained unchanged at 156 7C when 2 wt-% of poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) was added to the palm oil methyl esters.

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“…Addition of CFI additives did not alter the aforementioned conclusion that the most effective approaches for improving cold fl ow properties of biodiesel will be those that signifi cantly decrease CP. Chiu et al (2004) investigated four commercial CFI additives at 0.1 -2.0 wt% in SME and blends thereof in No. 1 and No.…”

Section: Cold Flow Improver ( Cfi ) Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%