Impact of Electric Vehicle customer response to Time-of-Use rates on distribution power grids

Policy Framework to Improve Mobility Efficiency and Electrify Transportation in Tonga

“…The intent of TOU pricing is to shift some portion of electricity consumption from peak periods to off-peak periods, reducing strain on the grid and making it easier for the utility to costeffectively balance supply and demand. Widespread EV charging is anticipated to significantly increase electricity demand, particularly for residential customers (Jones et al 2022). Thus, TOU pricing is designed to encourage EV charging at times of the day that are more beneficial to Tonga Power Limited's operations, thus facilitating the integration of EV charging demand into Tonga's grid.…”

“…Tonga Power Limited can implement time-of-use (TOU) electricity pricing through the deployment of smart meters. TOU pricing, in which electricity is more expensive during peak demand periods and less expensive during off-peak periods, is a method increasingly employed by utilities to incentivize customers to use electricity during off-peak hours (Jones et al 2022). "Smart meters" measure electricity consumption in real time, enabling utilities to implement TOU rates (Jaffe 2021).…”

El Estudio de Resiliencia de la Red Electrica de Puerto Rico y Transiciones a Energia 100% Renovable (PR100): Informe Final [Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100): Final Report]

“…Después de calcular el consumo de energía de cada ruta (tanto para los viajeros interurbanos como para el tráfico local), se estimaron los perfiles de demanda en viviendas residenciales y en lugares de trabajo. Estos perfiles se basaron en los perfiles supuestos que se muestran en la Figura 84, que se utilizaron en trabajos previos para representar dos probables escenarios de carga (Jones et al 2021;Birk Jones, Vining, et al 2022).…”

Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100): Final Report

“…After computing each route's energy consumption (for both commuters and local traffic), the demand profiles at residential dwellings and at workplace locations were estimated. These profiles were based on the assumed profiles shown in Figure 84, that was used in prior work to represent two likely charging scenarios (Jones et al 2021;Birk Jones, Vining, et al 2022).…”