Impact of Elevated Temperatures on Strength Properties and Microstructure of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Paste

Abstract

This article is motivated by civil fire safety. Fire-prevention engineering demands a wide range of information about building materials including alternative cements, for instance CSA-cement. Because of exposure of the cement-base material to a high temperature, its strength properties deteriorate due to dehydration connected with phase and microstructure changes. Previous research indicated that the main endothermic reaction of CSA-based composite, dehydration of ettringite, might be used as a cooling system for a metal structure during fire-load. This article examines visual assessment, microstructure, density, as well as flexural and compressive strength parameters of CSA-based composite after isothermal heating at temperatures from 23 °C to 800 °C. The results of SEM/EDS investigations showed that the calcium sulfoaluminate paste may start partially re-sintering above 600 °C. Mechanical tests revealed significant reduction of strength parameters but residual compressive strength was maintained in the whole temperature range e.g., 8 MPa at 800 °C. Additionally, visual assessment of the specimens indicated that it might be possible to predict the material temperature heating based on the specific surface color. These findings add to the evidence of general knowledge about CSA hydrates.

Properties of Fine Graded Perlite-Based Lightweight Cement Mortars Subjected to Elevated Temperatures

“…This is obvious because of the loss of chemically bound water and thermal decomposition of hydrates in various cement pastes. It was thoroughly described in the Introduction, together with the temperature choice (i.e., [39,55,56,62]). The differences are visible when comparing various cements, but are not very significant.…”

“…OPC is used in general constructions but rarely in applications that require high temperatures. The behaviour of this material at elevated temperatures has been the subject of several studies [39][40][41][42]. The main products of the hydration process of OPC are the C-S-H phase and portlandite.…”

“…It is also used in blends with OPC, mainly to limit the expansion of CSAC [63]. There are few reports on its behaviour at elevated temperatures; those that do exist have mainly focused OPC-CSAC blends (and not in combination with a lightweight aggregate) [39,64]. The main products of CSA hydration are ettringite, monosulphate, and alumina hydroxide, but the C-S-H phase and portlandite also exist [39,55,57].…”

“…There are few reports on its behaviour at elevated temperatures; those that do exist have mainly focused OPC-CSAC blends (and not in combination with a lightweight aggregate) [39,64]. The main products of CSA hydration are ettringite, monosulphate, and alumina hydroxide, but the C-S-H phase and portlandite also exist [39,55,57]. Those phases obviously decompose under elevated temperatures; the ranges are given in Table 1.…”