Impact of internal structure on water-resistance of plywood studied using neutron radiography and X-ray tomography

Li, Wanzhao; Bulcke, Jan Van den; Mannes, David; Lehmann, Eberhard; Windt, Imke De; Dierick, Manuel; Acker, Joris Van

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.09.095

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…This result is consistent with the results obtained with neutron radiography and standard laboratory absorption testing (Li et al 2014).…”

Section: Relationship Between Moisture Distribution and Plywood Charasupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Their low water resistance even increases moisture dynamics and causes cracks in the second layers. Water can easily penetrate along veneer checks of plywood (Li et al 2014), the emerging of cracks during outdoor exposure is thus possibly due to the enlargement of veneer checks. The difference between the original scan and the scan after approximately one year is, however, small for P1 and O1.…”

Section: Changes In the Veneersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moisture behavior and structural changes of plywood during outdoor exposure

Bulcke

Windt

et al. 2015

Eur. J. Wood Prod.

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Abstract:Plywood is an important wood-based construction material yet prone to water uptake, as such potentially decreasing mechanical properties and increasing decay risk. It is, therefore, essential to understand the moisture behavior and structural changes of plywood in service. In this research, several plywood specimens were exposed in outdoor weathering conditions for approximately one year. During this period, the average moisture variation of and moisture distribution in different veneer layers of a set of plywood specimens and detailed field weather information were recorded continuously. The internal structure of the specimens was also monitored by periodically scanning using X-ray CT. Measurements indicate that moisture distribution in plywood is not homogeneous in outdoor conditions. The second layer can, in some plywood types, accumulate a significant amount of rain, and long rainy periods and cloudy weather can keep the moisture content of the inner layers of plywood significantly high. Moisture accumulation and moisture dynamics, in combination with wood species, are the main factors causing structural changes, mainly occurring as cracks, of the plywood veneers in service. The glue line between the veneers, however, is not ruptured after one year of outdoor exposure. Plywood with layers having a slow water sorption and fast water desorption could effectively avoid internal moisture accumulation and cracks in service. Based on the knowledge of the interrelationship of weather data, internal moisture behavior and structural changes in service, fit-for-purpose design of plywood could be improved and service life prediction is at hand.

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“…This result is consistent with the results obtained with neutron radiography and standard laboratory absorption testing (Li et al 2014).…”

Section: Relationship Between Moisture Distribution and Plywood Charasupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Changes In the Veneersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture behavior and structural changes of plywood during outdoor exposure

Bulcke

Windt

et al. 2015

Eur. J. Wood Prod.

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“…These materials were impacted at energy levels of 5 J, 10 J, and 15 J using a drop-weight impact test, and a comparison based on the force-displacement response and failure modes of the panels is presented. The damage resistance and failure modes of wood based sandwich structures under low energy impact will be described on the basis of post impact tomography analysis [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of impact behavior of wood-based sandwich structures

Susainathan

Eyma

Luycker

et al. 2018

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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Low carbon emission and sustainable development are shared goals throughout the transportation industry. One way to meet such expectations is to introduce lightweight materials based on renewable sources. Sandwich panels with plywood core and fiber reinforced composite skins appear to be good candidates. Additional properties of wood such as fire resistance or thermal and acoustic insulation are also essential for many applications and could lead to a new interest for this old material. In this paper, Sandwich panels with two different types of plywood and four different skins (aluminum and glass, CFRP, or flax reinforced polymer) are tested under low-velocity/low energy impacts and their behavior is discussed.

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“…The X-ray CT method was used by Li et al. 10 to measure the moisture content in wood and wood-based products. Paris and Kamke 11 used micro X-ray computed tomography (XCT) to analyse the 3D adhesive penetration behaviour of different wood–adhesive bondlines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on Iroko wood used in shipbuilding

Bucci

Corigliano

Crupi

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

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The paper deals with investigations about mechanical properties of Iroko, a hardwood species used for structures in shipbuilding as glued laminated timber. Experimental tests have been carried out to assess strength, stiffness and density of Iroko in accordance with current EN Standards. All the results obtained by tensile and three-point bending tests, along with the statistical analyses performed to define the characteristics values of some mechanical properties, are reported in the paper. These values allowed to assign the strength class, reported in EN 338 Standard, to the investigated Iroko wood population. The experiments have taken into account both solid timber strips and scarf-jointed strips, in order to evaluate the influence of such a type of joint, which is widely used in wooden shipbuilding on strength and stiffness. Eventually, peculiar investigations have been carried out to analyse the failure mode of some test pieces through special experimental techniques: three-dimensional computed tomography and infrared thermography

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Impact of internal structure on water-resistance of plywood studied using neutron radiography and X-ray tomography

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Moisture behavior and structural changes of plywood during outdoor exposure

Moisture behavior and structural changes of plywood during outdoor exposure

Experimental investigation of impact behavior of wood-based sandwich structures

Experimental investigation on Iroko wood used in shipbuilding

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