“…• Many studies have reviewed and discussed the use of productivity techniques for various industries, for example, P 05 (Folan and Browne, 2005), P 06 (Tangen, 2005), P 08 (Reid, 2006), P 13 (Inha et al, 2008), P 19 (Bahri et al, 2011), P 22 (Bititci et al, 2012), P 23 (Simpson et al, 2012), P 24 (Franceschini et al, 2014), P 25 (de Waal and Kourtit, 2013), P 26 (Djellal and Gallouj, 2013), P 27 (Harold, 2014).…”