Impact of pulsed electric field and pulsed microwave treatment on morphological and structural characteristics of sunflower seed

Abstract

This paper presents the morphological capillary-porous structure analysis of sunflower seed, using X-ray microtomography in the longitudinal and transverse section and FESEM analysis of the surface microstructure after novel technologies treatment. Two types of treatment are considered: pulsed electric field treatment that has electroporation effect of the oil cell structure and pulsed microwave treatment that affects the internal structure. The main characteristic of the capillary-porous structure of oil-bearing material is given. Air cavities in the structure of the sunflower kernels were observed using X-ray microtomography. The influence of a pulsed electric field treatment on structure integrity of sunflower cells has been obtained with the creation of a material that has a greater permeability for diffusion processes. Experimentally was determined that over 2500 electric pores were formed on an area of 1 cm2 as a result of a pulsed electric field treatment. In the case of a pulsed electric field treatment, the oil seed body model can be represented as a bi-dispersed structure with the addition micro capillaries, formed by an electric field. It was experimentally defined that pulsed microwave treatment affected of internal seed structure. Denaturation of proteins and breakage of oil globules after pulsed microwave treatment decreased dispersion of the sizes of particles approximately twice with 35.3 μm2 up to 18.1 μm2. The data obtained are of interest not only for the technology of processing oilseeds but also for the analysis of novel emerging technologies.

Pulsed Electrical Discharge and Pulsed Electric Field Treatment during Sunflower Seed Processing

“…Previous data related to the application of a pulsed electric field to the oilseed material sunflower showed the possibility of destruction of oilseed cells using electric fields [11]. This is also confirmed by microstructural studies [17].…”

“…The oil cell membrane can be charged sufficiently using monopolar electrical pulses (millisecond or even microsecond pulse width) to cause the rapid dielectric breakdown of material tissue under focused discharge energy. The main result of PED treatment is micro-and nano-channel formation [17] with low-temperature effects, which is quite important for heat-sensitive materials. For oilseeds this technology forms an intercellular oil film on the surface of treated materials due to electroporation [15].…”

Antioxidant Activity and GC-MS Profile of Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Essential Oil Obtained by a Combined Extraction Method—Instant Controlled Pressure Drop Technology Coupled with Sonication

“…Moreover, to better understand the impact of DIC studied parameters (steam temperature and treatment time) on the absolute expansion ratio of cardamom seeds, it can be suggested to determine the intrinsic and apparent density of dried seeds in future studies. Moreover, X-ray microtomography and 3D image analysis could be applied to accurately calculate the volume and the area of seeds [ 40 ].…”

Optimization of antioxidant extraction process from corn meal using pulsed electric field‐subcritical water

“…The control sample was prepared using the water extraction process for 18 hr (1:10—samples: water). The obtained extracts were finally dried using a smooth filter and rotary evaporator (Bakhshabadi et al., 2018; Ozel et al., 2003; Shorstkii et al., 2019).…”