Impact of Saltwater Intrusion on Paddy Growth in Kuala Kedah, Malaysia

Sah, Samera Samsuddin; Maulud, Khairul Nizam Abdul; Sharil, Suraya; Karim, Othman A.; Nahar, Nur Fadzlina Abdul

doi:10.46754/jssm.2021.08.004

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This is due to sea water's existence in the paddy plot caused by sea water intrusion especially during high tide phenomenon and heavy rain events. A previous study by Ercan, Fauzi, & Kavvas, (2013); Reddy et al, (2017);Samsuddin Sah et al, (2020) found that the salinity concentration of more than 1100 ppm will directly stunt the paddy growth and in turn lead to a reduction in rice yields at affected areas. This also supported by Fogliatto, Serra, Patrucco, Milan and Vidotto, (2019) ;Khanom, (2016) where the growth reduction due to root damage, ion toxicity, lessened nutrient and water uptake, and inhibition of photosynthesis will lead to the decrement of yields Hence, this study was conducted to assess the level of salinity in two different seasons and describe the level of salinity concentration using salinity variability map using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation methods that are available in ArcGIS software for both the season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salinity is a measure of the dissolved salts in the water. Salinity is usually highest during periods of low flows and increases as water levels decrease (Hoang, Williams, Khanna, Dale, & Mundree, 2014;Mccaffrey, 1997;Samsuddin Sah, Abdul Maulud, Sharil, A. Karim, & Abdul Nahar, 2020). Sources of salinity include urban and rural run-off containing salt, fertilizers and organic matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, salinity that is beyond the normal range will cause stress or even death to the plant. In addition, nutrient intake by plants is also affected and in turn causes plant growth to be stunted and the salt accumulation in the leaves affect the lifespan of the leaves (Ahmed & Haider, 2014;Munns, James, & Läuchli, 2006;Osakabe, Osakabe, Shinozaki, & Tran, 2014;Pattanagul & Thitisaksakul, 2008;Rad, Aref, & Rezaei, 2012;Samsuddin Sah et al, 2020;Xiong, 2007). If this situation persists, the yield of rice grains is declining mainly due to the development of low rice spikelet due to salt pressure (Radanielson, Gaydon, Li, Angeles, & Roth, 2018;Reddy, Kim, Yoon, Kim, & Kwon, 2017;Zhang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water salinity variability mapping for flooded paddy plots at Kuala Kedah, Malaysia

et al. 2021

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Salinity is an essential parameter in rice cultivation activity. It has a significant impact on paddy growth and also the yield of paddy. However, the level of salinity concentration in paddy plots depends on the surrounding conditions. The distance of the paddy area from the coastline, the temperature and intensity of rainfall should be considered in studies involving water quality. Additionally, the tide of events is also included in this study because of the position of the study area near the coastline. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the level of salinity in two different rice cultivation seasons and describe the level of salinity concentration using a salinity variability map using the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method. The data collection activities involved water sampling at 44 water inlets for each paddy plot in 30 hectares of the study area by referring to the Day After Sowing (DAS) as the paddy's growth stage. These water samples were collected on 10 DAS, 40 DAS, and 60 DAS and subsequently tested using a portable conductivity meter namely EC500 Exstick II pH/Conductivity/Temperature Meter. Parallelly, georeference data which is latitude, longitude and elevation were gathered using Garmin GPSMAP 64s. Then, these data were analyzed using the IDW interpolation method in ArcGIS software and comes with salinity variability maps. The produced maps give an overview of the salinity concentration distribution by color scale range. Based on these salinity variability maps, the highest salinity concentration was recorded on 10 DAS and 60 DAS during Season 1 2019 and Season 2 2019, respectively for both tidal events. This result shows that the salinity concentration trend for both seasons is different due to the amount of rainfall received and the position of the paddy plot compared to the mean temperature factor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water salinity variability mapping for flooded paddy plots at Kuala Kedah, Malaysia

et al. 2021

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Validating the 6 year (2016–2021) anthropogenic induced small island wildfire hazards in Pulau Seribu archipelago, Indonesia

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Adiwibowo

Kadir

et al. 2022

Progress in Disaster Science

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Preliminary study on saltwater distribution of lowland area at West Coast, Johor Malaysia

Ismail

Musa

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Saltwater intrusion is a severe concern in coastal locations that pose a threat to the groundwater environment. Climate change, tidal effects, and groundwater exploitation all have the potential to disrupt the balance of salt water and fresh water in coastal aquifers which is the result of seawater intrusion that included the studies area. The sea-level rise is regarded as a cause that can enhance saltwater interface inland migration. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess saltwater intrusion in a zone mapping through the open channel distribution. This is qualified for monitoring a saltwater intrusion around West Johor which is approximately 10 km especially Batu Pahat, Johor such as Parit Botak, Parit Hailam Laut, Kampung Bahru Laut, Kampung Sri Pantai, and Sungai Senggarang. The salinity parameter was measured by the refractometer salinity instruments in percentage units (ppt) to PSU units. The high and low tides data collection on-site was monitored and analyzed saltwater intrusion distributed data into the interface mapping by using ArcGis 10.8 software. As the result, Kampung Sri Pantai was the highest data in the saline test 3 PSU for high tides and 4 PSU for low tides. However, the saltwater intrusion mapping was distributed through saline data obtained from the display maps to monitor the value of saline water in the study area. The contribution of this study to the community can be maintaining the ecosystem and monitoring existing structures such as tidal water gates and bunds of clean water resources for communities and irrigation purposes.

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Impact of Saltwater Intrusion on Paddy Growth in Kuala Kedah, Malaysia

Abstract: Many initiatives and strategies have been implemented by the government to improve the paddy sector. A local authority, known as the Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA), was established in 1970 to provide assistance to farmers in Kedah. Kamaruddin et al.

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Water salinity variability mapping for flooded paddy plots at Kuala Kedah, Malaysia

Water salinity variability mapping for flooded paddy plots at Kuala Kedah, Malaysia

Validating the 6 year (2016–2021) anthropogenic induced small island wildfire hazards in Pulau Seribu archipelago, Indonesia

Preliminary study on saltwater distribution of lowland area at West Coast, Johor Malaysia

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