Impact of temperature changes on groundwater levels and irrigation costs in a groundwater-dependent agricultural region in Northwest Bangladesh

Salem, Golam Saleh Ahmed; Kazama, So; Shahid, Shamsuddin; Dey, Nepal C.

doi:10.3178/hrl.11.85

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Consequently, any decline in the water table, due to changes in precipitation patterns and rises in temperature, can reduce well yield and increase pumping costs. This could well have a serious economic impact on the livelihood of farmers in the regions where groundwater is used as the major source of irrigation [6,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delineation of Hydraulic Flow Regime Areas Based on the Statistical Analysis of Semicentennial Shallow Groundwater Table Time Series

Garamhegyi

Hatvani

Szalai

et al. 2020

Water

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Shallow groundwater acts as an important source of water for the ecosystem, agriculture, drinking water supply, etc.; it is, however, among those water resources most sensitive to climate change, and especially to aridification. In the present study, the delineation of regional recharge and discharge zones of the Danube–Tisza Interfluve (Hungary, 8000 km2) is presented via the combination of multivariate time series and geomathematical methods to explore the subregions most sensitive to dewatering. The shallow groundwater level time series of 190 wells, covering a semicentennial period (1961 to 2010), were grouped into three validated clusters representing characteristically different subregions. Then, the subregions’ means and individual shallow groundwater level time series were investigated for long-term trends and compared with local meteorological variability (precipitation, evapotranspiration, etc.) to determine their regime characteristics. As a result, shallow recharge and discharge zones, a gravity-driven flow system, and the discharge zone of a deeper, overpressured flow system could be discerned with distinctive long-term changes in water levels. The semicentennial trends in shallow groundwater levels were significant (p < 0.05) in the recharge (−0.042 m y−1) and in the overpressured discharge zone (0.009 m y−1), and insignificant in the rest of the area (−0.005 m yr−1). The present results concur with previous findings from the area but provide a statistically sound and reproducible delineation of the regime areas on a much finer scale than before. With the determination of the different climatic processes driving the semicentennial trends prevailing in the shallow groundwater, the high vulnerability of the recharge zone is underlined, while the outlined overpressured flow system seems to act independently from semicentennial precipitation trends. This study provides a more in-depth picture of the long-term changes in shallow groundwater and its drivers in of one of the most important agricultural areas in Hungary. It outlines, in a generally applicable way, the most vulnerable subareas for irrigation relaying on shallow groundwater extraction. In addition, the results can help adaptation-strategy decision makers to initiate a more effective and area-focused intervention in the case of the predicted negative trends for vulnerable recharge areas under various climate change scenarios.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delineation of Hydraulic Flow Regime Areas Based on the Statistical Analysis of Semicentennial Shallow Groundwater Table Time Series

Garamhegyi

Hatvani

Szalai

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Climate change is projected to reduce groundwater resources significantly in most dry subtropical regions. In a groundwater-dependent irrigated region in northwest Bangladesh, the average groundwater level during the major irrigation period (January-April) is projected to decrease in accordance with temperature rise (Salem et al, 2017). Agroforestry has potential for improving water use efficiency by reducing the unproductive components of the water balance, i.e.…”

Section: Water (Quality and Quantity)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroforestry- A sustainable Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

Sharma

Kumar

Ludarmani

et al. 2020

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According to WMO (World Meteorological Organization), 2018 was the fourth warmest year on record and average global temperature reached approximately 1°C above pre-industrial level portraying climate change. Changing weather had an impact on lives and sustainable development especially in developing countries. Agriculture is the human enterprise that is most vulnerable to climate change. Large percentage of the population of developing countries depends upon agriculture for their livelihoods. Agroforestry, is an age old management system practiced by farmers to provide shade, a steady supply of food throughout the year, arrest degradation and maintain soil fertility, diversify, increase and stabilize income sources, enhance use efficiency of soil nutrients, water and radiation and provide regular employment thereby increasing system resilience. Agroforestry, thus provides an example of a set of innovative practices designed to enhance productivity in a way that often contributes to climate change mitigation and can also strengthen system’s ability to cope with adverse impacts of changing climate conditions.

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“…Döll [55] reported that the densely populated south Asian region is highly sensitive to the decreases in groundwater recharge due to climate change because of the high dependency on groundwater. Saleh et al [56] found that average groundwater level during the pre-monsoon irrigation period decreased by 0.15-2.01 m due to an increase in temperature of 1.0-5.0 • C. Modeling groundwater level under general circulation model revealed that groundwater levels in Northwest Bangladesh would drop by only 0.18 to 0.45 m, under a 1.5 • C temperature rise scenario [57]. This indicates that climate change will aggravate the existing condition of water scarcity in the region.…”

Section: Water Scarcity In Northwest Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Assessment of Pre-Monsoon Agricultural Water Scarcity in Bangladesh

2018

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This study assesses the geographical distribution of agricultural water scarcity in Bangladesh in order to streamline the adaptation measures. The agricultural water scarcity was assumed to be a system with five subsystems, namely, groundwater depth, surface water availability, rainfall availability, groundwater salinity for irrigation, and surface water salinity for irrigation. The catastrophe-theory-based multi-criteria decision making approach was used for the estimation of agricultural water scarcity index from five subsystem indices. The obtained results showed that agriculture in about 6.3% of the area of the country is experiencing very high-risk water scarcity, 19.1% with high water scarcity, 37.2% with moderate water risk, and the rest is low or no risk of water scarcity for agriculture. Results showed that the western part of Bangladesh was more vulnerable to agricultural water scarcity. The analysis of the results showed that higher agriculture water scarcity in the northwest region resulted from water unavailability, and in the southwest region it was closely related to poor water quality. The severe areas of water scarcity are very similar to those that are usually regarded as water-scarce. The approach presented in this study can be used for rapid but fair assessment of water scarcity with readily available data, which can be further improved by incorporating other factors related to water scarcity.

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Impact of temperature changes on groundwater levels and irrigation costs in a groundwater-dependent agricultural region in Northwest Bangladesh

Cited by 35 publications

References 24 publications

Delineation of Hydraulic Flow Regime Areas Based on the Statistical Analysis of Semicentennial Shallow Groundwater Table Time Series

Delineation of Hydraulic Flow Regime Areas Based on the Statistical Analysis of Semicentennial Shallow Groundwater Table Time Series

Agroforestry- A sustainable Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

Parametric Assessment of Pre-Monsoon Agricultural Water Scarcity in Bangladesh

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