Impact of upper and lower respiratory symptoms on COVID-19 outcomes: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Nakagawara, Kensuke; Chubachi, Shotaro; Namkoong, Ho; Tanaka, Hiromu; Lee, Ho; Azekawa, Shuhei; Otake, Shiro; Fukushima, Takahiro; Morita, Atsuho; Watase, Mayuko; Sakurai, Kaori; Kusumoto, Tatsuya; Asakura, Takanori; Masaki, Katsunori; Kamata, Hirofumi; Ishii, Makoto; Hasegawa, Naoki; Harada, Norihiro; Ueda, Tetsuya; Ueda, Soichiro; Ishiguro, Takashi; Arimura, Ken; Saito, Fukuki; Yoshiyama, Takashi; Nakano, Yukiko; Mutoh, Yoshikazu; Suzuki, Yusuke; Edahiro, Ryuya; Murakami, Koji; Sato, Yasunori; Okada, Yukinori; Koike, Ryuji; Kitagawa, Yuko; Tokunaga, Katsushi; Kimura, Akinori; Imoto, Seiya; Miyano, Satoru; Ogawa, Seishi; Kanai, Takanori; Fukunaga, Koichi

doi:10.1186/s12931-022-02222-3

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These variants have also been shown to be more sensitive to lower temperatures 72,73 . In contrast, Omicron variant viruses do not have the same sensitivity to temperature that has been observed in prior variants and have been observed to target the upper airway 72,79 . This may be due to differences in entry pathway preferences and cellular tropism 75,76,77 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Early transcriptional responses of human nasal epithelial cells to infection with Influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 virus differ and are influenced by physiological temperature

Resnick

Beer

Pekosz

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Influenza A (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2) viruses represent an ongoing threat to public health. Both viruses target the respiratory tract, which consists of a gradient of cell types, receptor expression, and temperature. Environmental temperature has been an understudied contributor to infection susceptibility and understanding its impact on host responses to infection could help uncover new insights into severe disease risk factors. As the nasal passageways are the initial site of respiratory virus infection, in this study we investigated the effect of temperature on host responses in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) utilizing IAV and SCV2 in vitro infection models. We demonstrate that temperature affects SCV2, but not IAV, viral replicative fitness and that SCV2 infected cultures are slower to mount an infection-induced response, likely due to suppression by the virus. Additionally, we show that that temperature not only changes the basal transcriptomic landscape of epithelial cells, but that it also impacts the response to infection. The induction of interferon and other innate immune responses were not drastically affected by temperature, suggesting that while the baseline antiviral response at different temperatures remains consistent, there may be metabolic or signaling changes that affect how well the cultures are able to adapt to new pressures such as infection. Finally, we show that hNECs respond differently to IAV and SCV2 infection in ways that give insight into how the virus is able to manipulate the cell to allow for replication and release. Taken together, these data give new insight into the innate immune response to respiratory infections and can assist in identifying new treatment strategies for respiratory infections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Early transcriptional responses of human nasal epithelial cells to infection with Influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 virus differ and are influenced by physiological temperature

Resnick

Beer

Pekosz

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This study utilized data from the largest long COVID symptom cohort study in Japan and performed an additional analysis focusing on upper respiratory symptoms. These symptoms are predictors of mild COVID‐19 10,11 . Three upper respiratory symptoms were often comorbid during hospitalization; however, over time, sore throat resolved and disappeared, while taste and olfactory disorders were comorbid at 12 months in some cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taste and olfactory disorders are commonly associated with an initial COVID‐19 diagnosis during the acute phase 5‐8 ; however, they can persist as part of long COVID 9 . At the onset of COVID‐19, upper respiratory symptoms, including sore throat, taste disorders, and olfactory disorders, have been identified as predictors of mild disease severity 10,11 . These symptoms are also frequently reported among individuals experiencing long COVID 3,4,12‐15 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Respiratory Symptoms as Long COVID: Insight from a Multicenter Cohort Study

Okada,

Ishida,

Kanzaki

et al. 2024

OTO Open

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical features of long COVID cases presenting with upper respiratory symptoms, a topic not yet fully elucidated.Study DesignProspective cohort study.SettingA multicenter study involving 26 medical facilities in Japan.MethodsInclusion criteria were patients aged ≥18 years old with a confirmed COVID‐19 diagnosis via severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction or antigen testing, who were hospitalized at the participating medical facilities. Analyzing clinical information and patient‐reported outcomes from 1009 patients were analyzed. The outcome measured the degree of initial symptoms for taste or olfactory disorders and assessed the likelihood of these symptoms persisting as long COVID, as well as the impact on quality of life if the upper respiratory symptoms persisted as long COVID.ResultsPatients with high albumin, low C‐reactive protein, and low lactate dehydrogenase in laboratory tests tended to experience taste or olfactory disorders as part of long COVID. Those with severe initial symptoms had a higher risk of experiencing residual symptoms at 3 months, with an odds ratio of 2.933 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.282‐6.526) for taste disorders and 3.534 (95% CI, 1.382‐9.009) for olfactory disorders. Presence of upper respiratory symptoms consistently resulted in lower quality of life scores.ConclusionThe findings from this cohort study suggest that severe taste or olfactory disorders as early COVID‐19 symptoms correlate with an increased likelihood of persistent symptoms in those disorders as long COVID.

show abstract

“…Previous studies have also linked lower respiratory infection during COVID-19 infection with negative outcomes. A 2022 study found that COVID-19 patients with lower respiratory symptoms experienced worse health outcomes, including supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and death, compared to patients with upper respiratory symptoms or no respiratory symptoms (18). Lower respiratory infection during acute COVID-19 may be a causal pathway by which acute COVID leads to PASC, although future studies should apply a causal inference framework to evaluate this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Long COVID in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Using Super Learner

Butzin-Dozier¹,

Ji²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also known as Long COVID, is a broad grouping of a range of long-term symptoms following acute COVID-19 infection. An understanding of characteristics that are predictive of future PASC is valuable, as this can inform the identification of high-risk individuals and future preventative efforts. However, current knowledge regarding PASC risk factors is limited. Using a sample of 55,257 participants from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative, as part of the NIH Long COVID Computational Challenge, we sought to predict individual risk of PASC diagnosis from a curated set of clinically informed covariates. We predicted individual PASC status, given covariate information, using Super Learner (an ensemble machine learning algorithm also known as stacking) to learn the optimal, AUC-maximizing combination of gradient boosting and random forest algorithms. We were able to predict individual PASC diagnoses accurately (AUC 0.947). Temporally, we found that baseline characteristics were most predictive of future PASC diagnosis, compared with characteristics immediately before, during, or after COVID-19 infection. This finding supports the hypothesis that clinicians may be able to accurately assess the risk of PASC in patients prior to acute COVID diagnosis, which could improve early interventions and preventive care. We found that medical utilization, demographics and anthropometry, and respiratory factors were most predictive of PASC diagnosis. This highlights the importance of respiratory characteristics in PASC risk assessment. The methods outlined here provide an open-source, applied example of using Super Learner to predict PASC status using electronic health record data, which can be replicated across a variety of settings.

show abstract

Impact of upper and lower respiratory symptoms on COVID-19 outcomes: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Early transcriptional responses of human nasal epithelial cells to infection with Influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 virus differ and are influenced by physiological temperature

Early transcriptional responses of human nasal epithelial cells to infection with Influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 virus differ and are influenced by physiological temperature

Upper Respiratory Symptoms as Long COVID: Insight from a Multicenter Cohort Study

Predicting Long COVID in the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Using Super Learner

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About