Impacto da nutrição pós-eclosão sobre o desenvolvimento de frangos de corte

Abstract

A total of seven experiments was conducted to evaluate the impact of post-hatch nutrition on the development of broilers. In the first experiment we evaluated the use of different levels of hydrolyzed yeast. In the second experiment different nutritional strategies were evaluated, by providing water, food and different solutions of corn syrup. Experiment III evaluated the provisions of different levels of fish oil. The IV experiment consisted in evaluating the provision of a vitamin, while the V and the VI experiments evaluated the supplementation of zinc and manganese, respectively, supplemented in the form of organic glycinates. In experiment VII was rated the performance of animals receiving supplementation with nutrients provided in previous experiments, that is, hydrolyzed yeast, nutritional strategy, fish oil, vitamin supplement, zinc and manganese. In each experiment 1200 embryonated eggs were incubated and used 840 chicks after hatching. The birds were distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 5 x 2, 5 nutrients and both sexes (males and females). The experimental treatments were provided right after hatching and the birds were kept in transportation boxes for a period of 5 hours, for further distribution in the pits. After housing the birds received similar diets until the end of the experimental period (41 d), according to the proposed recommendations by . Performance data (weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) were evaluated and at the end of the experiments, after 41 days, two birds from each replicate were slaughtered to evaluate carcass traits (carcass yield, breast, legs and abdominal fat). On days 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12, seven birds from each treatment were sacrificed to assess the allometric digestive organs. Data were analyzed by GLM procedure of SAS (2010) system and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability.Keywords: Carbohydrates. Yeast. Organic minerals. Fish oil. Vitamin. Noy e Sklan (1999b) estudaram a absorção de glicose, metionina e ácido oléico nos primeiros 4 dias após a eclosão fornecidos nas formas líquida e sólida e observaram uma menor absorção de glicose e metionina nas primeiras 48 horas de administração das dietas, alcançando o mesmo nível no 4 o dia. Em outro experimento, foi avaliada a absorção de glicose, metionina e ácido oléico oriundos da gema e de uma solução tampão e observaram uma maior absorção de ácido oléico quando o mesmo teve origem dos lipídeos da gema, ocorrendo uma relação inversa para os demais nutrientes. Os autores explicam que a presença da gema proporciona o transporte do ácido oléico para brush border e permite uma ligação mais eficiente do que quando na presença de soluções aquosas. Por outro lado, a glicose e metionina, que são solúveis em água, necessitam da presença de co-transportadores de sódio para a sua ab-29 sorção (STEVENS; KAUNITZ; WRIGHT, 1984), sendo que o meio proporcionado pela presença da gema, dispunha de baixa concentração de sódio, diminuindo assim a absorção das referidas moléculas. Desta forma, a co...