Impactos da queima sobre atributos químicos, físicos e biológicos do solo

Redin, Marciel; Santos, Gabriel de Franceschi dos; Miguel, Pablo; Denega, Genuir Luis; Lupatini, Manoeli; Doneda, Alexandre; Souza, Eduardo Lorensi de

doi:10.5902/198050983243

Cited by 67 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Furthermore, extensive livestock holding and the burning of fields are common in southern Brazil. These processes modify the soil attributes, eliminate vegetation cover, and leaves soil vulnerable to erosive processes (REDIN et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of soil physical properties and water infiltration rates in different types of land use

Santos

Barbosa

Bertol

et al. 2018

SCA

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Studying the changes in soil properties caused by different land uses allows measures to be adopted that will reduce the risk of future negative effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and quantify water infiltration for different types of land use in the Santa Catarina Plateau of southern Brazil. The research was conducted on a 1,200 ha rural property. The land use types selected were natural forest (NF), planted pine (PP), crop-livestock integration (CLI), and burned natural rangeland (BR). A sample survey was carried out in nine different areas for each land use. Samples were collected from four soil layers and the soil bulk density (Bd), total porosity (Tp), and macropore (Ma), micropore (Mi), and biopore (Bio) volumes were measured. Water infiltration tests were performed to obtain the initial (ii) and final (fi) water infiltration rates into the soil, and the total amount of water that had infiltrated the soil (Ti). In NF, Bd was lower and Tp was higher than in other types of land use. The forest vegetation (NF and PP) had higher Ma and Bio volumes in the superficial layers of the soil. Water infiltration was markedly different between land use types. The NF had the highest ii, fi, and Ti values followed by PP, whereas the CLI and BR areas had drastically lower infiltration parameters with BR having the lowest values. The variables ii, fi, and Ti correlated positively with Tp, Ma, and Bio, but negatively with Bd. ResumoO estudo das modificações nos atributos do solo provocadas pela forma de utilização das terras possibilita a adoção de medidas que reduzam riscos de futuros impactos. A pesquisa teve por objetivos quantificar atributos físicos do solo e a infiltração de água em diferentes modalidades de uso da terra no Planalto Sul Catarinense. O estudo foi conduzido em propriedade rural de 1.200 ha, onde foram selecionadas áreas sob floresta natural (FN), plantio de pinus (PP), integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) e campo natural pastejado e submetido à queima (CN). Para isso, realizou-se levantamento amostral em nove glebas distintas para cada tipo de uso. Foram coletadas amostras de solo em quatro camadas para determinação da densidade do solo (Ds), porosidade total (Pt), macroporos (Ma), microporos (Mi) e bioporos (Bio).Testes de infiltração de água no solo foram realizados para obtenção das taxas de infiltração inicial (ii) e final (if) e da lâmina total infiltrada (It). Na FN a Ds é menor e a Pt maior do que nos demais tipos de uso da terra. A vegetação florestal (FN e PP) se destaca com maiores volumes de Ma e Bio nas camadas superficiais do solo. A infiltração de água apresenta diferenças acentuadas entre os tipos de uso. A FN tem maiores valores de ii, if e It, seguida pelo PP, enquanto CN e ILP tem redução drástica nos parâmetros de infiltração, com menores valores no CN. As variáveis ii, if e It correlacionam-se positivamente com Pt, Ma e Bio e negativamente com Ds. Palavras-chave: Qualidade do solo. Lavoura, pecuária e floresta. Permeabilidade do solo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of soil physical properties and water infiltration rates in different types of land use

Santos

Barbosa

Bertol

et al. 2018

SCA

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“…Devese salientar que valores mais expressivos de C-CO 2 implicam em uma maior atividade biológica destes microrganismos, que apresentam estreita relação com o C-BMS (VARGAS; SCHOLLES, 2000;FIALHO et al, 2006). Por outro lado, a quantidade dos resíduos vegetais é reduzida quando se efetua a queima, podendo reduzir a dinâmica biológica do solo (CZYCZA, 2009;REDIN et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Atributos microbiológicos de um latossolo sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar com e sem queima da palhada

2015

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ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar sem queima da palhada (colheita mecanizada) em comparação a um sistema com queima da palhada (colheita manual) sobre a biomassa microbiana do solo e índices derivados. O estudo foi conduzido no período de 2009 a 2010, na Usina Dourados, distrito de Itahum, no município de Dourados, MS, num Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, cultivado com cana-de-açúcar em diferentes sistemas. Uma área adjacente, com vegetação nativa, foi incluída no estudo como referencial da condição original do solo. As coletas de solo foram realizadas em três profundidades: 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 cm, com cinco amostras compostas, oriundas de cinco subamostras, coletadas com intervalo de dez metros entre si, ao longo de um transecto. Considerando os diferentes sistemas de colheita, os resultados demonstraram que o sistema de manejo sem queima da palhada de cana-de-açúcar (colheita mecanizada) favoreceu a manutenção da comunidade de microrganismos do solo, quando comparada ao sistema com queima (colheita manual), especialmente nas camadas mais superficiais do solo. Do mesmo modo, a respiração basal é favorecida pelo manejo sem queima da canade-açúcar, mesmo nas camadas inferiores (até 10-20 cm) do perfil do solo. Palavras-chave: Biomassa microbiana, bioindicador, agroecossistemas AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of sugar cane cultivation with and without burning of residues on microbial biomass, soil basal respiration and their derived indices. The study was carried out from 2009 to 2010, at the sugar mills, Itahum district, the city of Dourados, MS, on a Hapludox soil. An adjacent area of native vegetation was included in the study as a reference the original condition of the soil. Soil samples were collected at three depths: 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 cm, with five composite samples, from five subsamples collected at intervals of ten feet between each other, along a transect. Considering the different cropping systems, the results demonstrated the system without burning (mechanized harvesting) of the sugar cane residues, favored microbial biomass and basal respiration and soil chemical properties, compared with the system with burning, especially in the upper layers of soil.

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“…These characteristics may be related to the deposition of ash, which has a high nutrient content. Moreover, because heat was used as a catalyst during the initial plot preparation, the organic matter was mineralized and the nutrient availability increased (Rendin et al, 2011). The most deleterious effects of fire on the MBC occurred between 3 and 12 months after burning (Wang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil attributes under different crop management systems in an Amazon Oxisols

et al. 2015

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Soil biological properties have a high potential for use in assessing the impacts of crop systems. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of cropping systems on the biological attributes of an oxisol in the Amazonian state of Pará. The treatments consisted of approximately 20-year-old secondary vegetation, recovered pasture, no-tillage systems (NT) maintained for 4 and 8 years after planting with corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.), and conventional tillage (CT) systems every 2 years after planting with rice (Oryza sativa L.) and soybean. The microbial biomass to nitrogen ratio was higher in the NT system (0.68 mg kg -1 ), and the NT system had greater microbial NT8. Thus, the contributions of organic matter from straw improved the soil quality in these areas. The total organic carbon (TOC) content was greater in the secondary forest and CT areas (46.7 and 48.0 mg kg -1 , respectively), potentially due to the higher amounts of organic matter and organic matter mineralization in these areas. However, the largest TOC stocks were observed in the pasture, which corresponded with greater carbon storage (63.5 Mg ha -1). By contrast, the no-till systems were not efficient for storing C, with concentrations of 5.0 and 5.3 Mg ha -1 in NT-4 and NT-8, respectively. These results may reflect the short period that these systems were adopted and the vast microbial activity that was observed in these areas, with microbial quotients of 8.03 and 10.41% in NT-4 and NT-8, respectively.

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Impactos da queima sobre atributos químicos, físicos e biológicos do solo

Cited by 67 publications

References 12 publications

Study of soil physical properties and water infiltration rates in different types of land use

Study of soil physical properties and water infiltration rates in different types of land use

Atributos microbiológicos de um latossolo sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar com e sem queima da palhada

Soil attributes under different crop management systems in an Amazon Oxisols

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