Impacts, management and functional planning criterion of forest road network system in Turkey

Secondary transportation of raw and comminuted forest products is a major component in forest harvesting operations in terms of economics, public perception, and safety. Consequently, there is a substantial amount of literature on this topic. The existing literature has dealt with many of the technical aspects of transportation with a majority of them focusing on improving supply chain issues; however, there are only few specific to secondary transportation issues in general. This annotated bibliography will help practitioners, researchers, and stakeholders gain a better understanding of the existing literature from 2000 to 2015. To this end, we began by classifying the selected literature into six themes: cost, roads and routes, trucking, efficiency and safety, other modes of transportation, and supply chain and optimization. Woody biomass for bioenergy production was the most researched forest product with respect to transportation. About one-third of the articles were presented in the context of supply chain modeling and optimization. More than half of the studies originated from Europe while the United States had the most publications for any given country. Most articles (16) were published in 2013. Biomass and Bioenergy published the highest number of articles (29) during the timeframe.

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“…Demir [31] Turkey Analyzed forest road network system. There was a need of~201,000 km forest roads in Turkey.…”

Section: Contreras Et Al [30] Usamentioning

confidence: 99%

Annotated Bibliography of the Global Literature on the Secondary Transportation of Raw and Comminuted Forest Products (2000–2015)

Koirala

Kizha

Hoop

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…Forest roads are necessary for permanent or temporary access for silvicultural forest operations [1,2]. However, forest roads have been associated with environmental problems in many timber producing regions [3].…”

Section: Forest Roads Erosion and Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Costs and Effectiveness of Upgrades in Forestry Best Management Practices for Stream Crossings

Nolan

Aust

Barrett

et al. 2015

Water

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Forestry Best Management Practices (BMPs) are used for protection of water quality at forest stream crossings, yet effects and costs for gradients of BMPs are not well documented. We evaluated forty-two truck road and skid trail stream crossings using three surrogates of BMP adequacy: (1) potential erosion rates for stream crossing approaches; (2) adequacy of stream crossing BMPs; and (3) overall BMP rating (BMP´, BMP-standard, and BMP+). Subsequently, BMP upgrades were recommended for enhancing BMP´or BMP-standard stream crossings. Costs for BMP upgrades were estimated using an existing road and skid trail cost method. The majority of truck road stream crossings were culverts, while skid trail stream crossings were primarily portable bridges. Potential erosion estimates, BMP audit scores, and BMP ratings all indicated that skid crossings have lower BMP implementation than truck road crossings. BMP improvements commonly identified for skid trail and truck crossings included addition of cover and water control structures. Improved BMPs at skid trail crossings were less expensive than those at truck road crossings. Current BMP guidelines provide economical and effective techniques for reducing erosion, and BMP upgrades have the potential to reduce erosion rates to similar levels found in undisturbed forests.

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“…January- March 2017 Several studies addressed the changes in vegetation structure and composition at the edges of linear forest gaps (Demir 2007;Enoki et al 2012;Otto et al 2013;Li et al 2014) and just a few conducted in tropical forests focused on linear gaps caused by roads, gas pipelines and power lines (Reznik et al 2012;Prieto et al 2014;CoutoSantos et al 2015), or pastures (Ribeiro et al 2009a). In those studies, linear gaps aff ected the phenodynamics of animal dispersed plants (Reznik et al 2012), tree species structure and richness (Ribeiro et al 2009a;Couto-Santos et al 2015), and proportion of pioneer species (Prieto et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways affect vegetation structure and composition in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil

et al. 2017

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Although impacts generated by gaps can aff ect vegetation, few studies have addressed these impacts in the Atlantic Forest. Our aim was to investigate the eff ects of pathways of varying widths on vegetation structure and composition, considering dispersal syndromes, diversity, life forms, successional categories and threatened and exotic species occurrence in the Atlantic Forest. We studied three pathways with widths of 2, 10 and 20 m, intersecting a protected area in southeastern Brazil. To assess edge eff ects, plots were established adjacent to paths (edge) and 35 m from the edge (neighborhood), and in a control area without pathways. Wider pathways (10 and 20 m) exhibited reduced tree height and diameter, high liana density, exotic species, and a high proportion of pioneer and anemochorous species. In conclusion, our results indicate that the vegetation structure of narrow pathways (2 m) is similar to the control area, and that wide linear gaps cause negative eff ects on vegetation and extend to a distance of at least 35 m into the forest interior. Considering that linear gaps generate permanent eff ects to vegetation and may aff ect other organisms, we suggest that these eff ects must be considered for successful management of protected areas, including planning and impact mitigation.

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Impacts, management and functional planning criterion of forest road network system in Turkey

Cited by 54 publications

References 11 publications

Annotated Bibliography of the Global Literature on the Secondary Transportation of Raw and Comminuted Forest Products (2000–2015)

Annotated Bibliography of the Global Literature on the Secondary Transportation of Raw and Comminuted Forest Products (2000–2015)

Estimating Costs and Effectiveness of Upgrades in Forestry Best Management Practices for Stream Crossings

Pathways affect vegetation structure and composition in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil

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