Impacts of wind erosion and seasonal changes on soil carbon dioxide emission in southwestern Iran

Kamali, Nadia; Siroosi, Hamid; Sadeghipour, Ahmad

doi:10.1007/s40333-020-0018-5

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Microbes need more energy to cope with the disturbance, which could result in more respiration. For example, studies found an increase in soil respiration along the down-slope transect with increasing erosion rate in different ecosystems (Xiao et al, 2017;Kamali et al, 2020). This increase in soil respiration meant that more CO 2 would be released to the atmosphere and climate warming would be aggravated, suggesting the importance of soil erosion control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion effects on soil microbial carbon use efficiency in the mollisol cropland in northeast China

et al. 2023

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Soil erosion decreased soil microbial CUE and increased microbial uptake of carbon.• Soil erosion decreased microbial CUE by decreasing substrate C, N and MBC and increasing soil pH.• Soil microbes had to increase their uptake rate to cope with the loss of substrates with increasing erosion rate.• Soil microbial respiration increased with increasing degree of erosion.• Soil microbial growth rate remained relative stable under different degrees of soil erosion.• Microbial CUE in soil surface was less responsive to erosion than that in deeper soil. Soil microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is an important synthetic parameter of microbial community metabolism and is commonly used to quantify the partitioning of carbon (C) between microbial growth and respiration. However, it remains unclear how microbial CUE responds to different degrees of soil erosion in mollisol cropland. Therefore, we investigated the responses of soil erosion on microbial CUE, growth and respiration to different soil erosion rates in a mollisol cropland in northeast China based on a substrate independent method ( 18 O-H 2 O labeling). Soils were sampled at four positions along a down-slope transect: summit, shoulder, back and foot. We found microbial CUE decreased significantly with increasing soil erosion rate in 5−20 cm soil, but did not change in 0−5 cm. The decrease of microbial CUE in subsoil was because microbes increased C uptake and allocated higher uptake C to microbial basal respiration with increasing soil erosion rate. Microbial respiration increased significantly with soil erosion rate, probably due to the more disturbance and unbalanced stoichiometry. Furthermore, soil microbes in surface soil were able to maintain their growth rates with increasing degree of erosion. Altogether, our results indicated that soil erosion could decrease microbial CUE by affecting soil physical and chemical properties, resulting in more decomposition of soil organic matter and more soil respiration, which had negative feedbacks to soil C sequestration and climate changes in cropland soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion effects on soil microbial carbon use efficiency in the mollisol cropland in northeast China

et al. 2023

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“…This is because the temperature is one of the most important factors affecting the activity of microorganisms and soil respiration. The study by Kamali et al [44] investigated the impacts of wind erosion and seasonal changes on soil CO 2 emission and found a positive correlation between air temperature and CO 2 emission.…”

Section: Effect Of Subsurface Drip Fertigation Frequency and Irrigati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Fertigation Frequency and Level to Mitigate N2O and CO2 Emissions and NH3 Volatilization from Subsurface Drip-Fertigated Field in a Greenhouse

Hamad

Hamoud

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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Agricultural practices such as water and N management can contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Fertigation frequency and level are the two most important factors of irrigation scheduling. Proper irrigation management can establish moderate moist conditions throughout the crop growth period in the root zone and reduce GHG emissions and NH3 volatilization. The main objective was to evaluate the possibility of reducing soil N2O and CO2 emissions and NH3 volatilization without crop yield reduction by manipulating the subsurface-drip fertigation (SDF) frequency and level. An experiment was carried out adopting three SDF frequencies, High-Frequency (7-day, HF), Medium-Frequency (8-day, MF), and Low-Frequency (10-day fertigation intervals, LF), and two irrigation levels, 80% (I80) and 70% (I70) of amount in farmer’s common practice (1500 m3 ha−1). Urea, N > 46.2% at the rate of 90% of traditional fertilization level (270 Kg N ha−1) was injected with irrigation water. Results indicated that soil N2O, CO2, NO3−-N, NO2−-N, and water-filled pore space increased with fertigation frequency and an opposite pattern for NH4+-N and NH3. HF significantly (p < 0.05) increased crop yield by 45.1% and 49.2% compared to LF, under I80 and I70 levels, respectively. At the same irrigation level, HF was the optimum management practice. Person correlation analysis showed significant correlations between NO2−-N and N2O, CO2 and soil temperature, and NH4+-N and NH3. The study suggests that HF of SDF with emitters buried at 0.15 m depth helps to keep high Chinese cabbage yield increases GHG emissions, but is not significant, and decreases NH3 volatilization.

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“…Wind erosion affects ~20 Mha of land in Iran, and also affects GHG emissions from soil. Based on experiments conducted at the Iran Research Institute of Forests and Ranges, Kamali et al [40] reported that the highest rate of CO 2 emissions in July was 4.90 g CO 2 /m 2 •d in severely eroded lands and the lowest in January of 0.086 g CO 2 /m 2 •d in less eroded lands. Kamali and colleagues hypothesized that increase in erosion intensity aggravated CO 2 emission rates at severe erosion.…”

Section: Wind Erosion and Gaseous Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Soil Carbon Transported by Erosional Processes

Lal

2021

Applied Sciences

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The accelerated process of soil erosion by water and wind, responsible for transport and redistribution of a large amount of carbon-enriched sediments, has a strong impact on the global carbon budget. The breakdown of aggregates by erosivity of water (raindrop, runoff) and wind weakens the stability of soil C (organic and inorganic) and aggravates its vulnerability to degradation processes, which lead to the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) including CO2, CH4, and N2O, depending on the hydrothermal regimes. Nonetheless, a part of the eroded soil C may be buried, reaggregated and protected against decomposition. In coastal steep lands, (e.g., Taiwan, New Zealand) with a short distance to burial of sediments in the ocean, erosion may be a sink of C. In large watersheds (i.e., Amazon, Mississippi, Nile, Ganges, Indus, etc.) with a long distance to the ocean, however, most of the C being transported is prone to mineralization/decomposition during the transit period and is a source of GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O). Land use, soil management and cropping systems must be prudently chosen to prevent erosion by both hydric and aeolian processes. The so-called plague of the soil, accelerated erosion by water and wind, must be effectively curtailed.

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Impacts of wind erosion and seasonal changes on soil carbon dioxide emission in southwestern Iran

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Erosion effects on soil microbial carbon use efficiency in the mollisol cropland in northeast China

Erosion effects on soil microbial carbon use efficiency in the mollisol cropland in northeast China

Managing Fertigation Frequency and Level to Mitigate N2O and CO2 Emissions and NH3 Volatilization from Subsurface Drip-Fertigated Field in a Greenhouse

Fate of Soil Carbon Transported by Erosional Processes

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