Impaired eye blink classical conditioning distinguishes dystonic patients with and without tremor

Antelmi, Elena; Stasio, Flavio Di; Rocchi, Lorenzo; Erro, Roberto; Liguori, Rocco; Ganos, Christos; Brugger, Florian; Teo, James; Berardelli, Alfredo; Rothwell, John C.; Bhatia, Kailash P.

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.06.011

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies have found normal cerebellar function or connectivity in idiopathic cervical dystonia patients, or abnormal cerebellar function only in cervical dystonia patients with tremor (Delnooz et al, 2013;Sadnicka et al, 2014;Antelmi et al, 2016;Bologna et al, 2016;Avanzino et al, 2018). Here, we found that all lesions causing cervical dystonia were connected to the cerebellum, including cases with no head tremor ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: The Cerebellum In Cervical Dystoniasupporting

confidence: 60%

Network localization of cervical dystonia based on causal brain lesions

Corp

Joutsa

Darby

et al. 2019

Brain

180

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

These authors contributed equally to this work.Cervical dystonia is a neurological disorder characterized by sustained, involuntary movements of the head and neck. Most cases of cervical dystonia are idiopathic, with no obvious cause, yet some cases are acquired, secondary to focal brain lesions. These latter cases are valuable as they establish a causal link between neuroanatomy and resultant symptoms, lending insight into the brain regions causing cervical dystonia and possible treatment targets. However, lesions causing cervical dystonia can occur in multiple different brain locations, leaving localization unclear. Here, we use a technique termed 'lesion network mapping', which uses connectome data from a large cohort of healthy subjects (resting state functional MRI, n = 1000) to test whether lesion locations causing cervical dystonia map to a common brain network. We then test whether this network, derived from brain lesions, is abnormal in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia (n = 39) versus matched controls (n = 37). A systematic literature search identified 25 cases of lesion-induced cervical dystonia. Lesion locations were heterogeneous, with lesions scattered throughout the cerebellum, brainstem, and basal ganglia. However, these heterogeneous lesion locations were all part of a single functionally connected brain network. Positive connectivity to the cerebellum and negative connectivity to the somatosensory cortex were specific markers for cervical dystonia compared to lesions causing other neurological symptoms. Connectivity with these two regions defined a single brain network that encompassed the heterogeneous lesion locations causing cervical dystonia. These cerebellar and somatosensory regions also showed abnormal connectivity in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia. Finally, the most effective deep brain stimulation sites for treating dystonia were connected to these same cerebellar and somatosensory regions identified using lesion network mapping. These results lend insight into the causal neuroanatomical substrate of cervical dystonia, demonstrate convergence across idiopathic and acquired dystonia, and identify a network target for dystonia treatment. Abbreviations: DBS = deep brain stimulation; rs-fcMRI = resting state functional connectivity MRI Brain network of cervical dystonia

show abstract

Section: The Cerebellum In Cervical Dystoniasupporting

confidence: 60%

Network localization of cervical dystonia based on causal brain lesions

Corp

Joutsa

Darby

et al. 2019

Brain

180

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is therefore possible that proprioceptive afferent information flowing from the cerebellum in CD and FHD competes, once it reaches the thalamus, with tactile information during index finger movements, thereby altering the timing of tactile sensory processing gating. Concordantly recent evidence suggests a role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiological mechanisms of dystonia . The observation that movement velocity in patients with CD and FHD did not vary during the sensorimotor integration task suggests that there might be an unbalanced interplay in these patients between motor and sensory information in favor of motor output, with an excessive degree of gating on tactile information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Concordantly recent evidence suggests a role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiological mechanisms of dystonia. [42][43][44][45] The observation that movement velocity in patients with CD and FHD did not vary during the sensorimotor integration task suggests that there might be an unbalanced interplay in these patients between motor and sensory information in favor of motor output, with an excessive degree of gating on tactile information. As tactile information gating may promote movement arrest, excessive tactile gating may reduce the likelihood of the movement ceasing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Abnormal sensory gating in patients with different types of focal dystonias

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Movement execution in healthy individuals increases the somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold. These changes are a result of mechanisms of sensory gating at the subcortical level. Although the somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold is abnormally increased in patients with focal dystonias, the effect of movement execution on somatosensory temporal discrimination in dystonic patients is unknown. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine whether somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold modulation induced by voluntary movement is normal in different forms of focal dystonia. Methods We enrolled 71 dystonic patients (24 with blepharospasm, 31 with cervical dystonia, and 16 with focal hand dystonia) and 39 age‐matched healthy participants. Paired stimuli for the somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold were triggered by movement execution at movement onset and at various time intervals thereafter. We analyzed the kinematic features of the motor task to ascertain whether tactile input induces changes in movement parameters. Results Movement execution led to greater and longer lasting increases in somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold values, both upon movement onset and at various time intervals thereafter, in patients with cervical dystonia and focal hand dystonia than in those with blepharospasm or the healthy participants. Somatosensory temporal discrimination testing did not induce any changes in the mean velocity of index finger movements in either patients or healthy participants. Conclusions Somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold changes induced by movement execution are abnormal in focal dystonias. This abnormality is related to the type of dystonia. Abnormal gating of sensory information is likely involved in movement‐induced triggering or worsening of different forms focal dystonia. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

show abstract

“…Data show that cerebellar impairment segregates with the presence of tremor in patients with dystonia, thus suggesting that the cerebellum might play a specific role in the occurrence of dystonic tremor [102]. …”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellum: An explanation for dystonia?

Bologna

Berardelli

2017

cerebellum ataxias

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dystonia is a movement disorder that is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions, abnormal movements and postures, as well as by non-motor symptoms, and is due to abnormalities in different brain areas. In this article, we focus on the growing number of experimental studies aimed at explaining the pathophysiological role of the cerebellum in dystonia. Lastly, we highlight gaps in current knowledge and issues that future research studies should focus on as well as some of the potential applications of this research avenue. Clarifying the pathophysiological role of cerebellum in dystonia is an important concern given the increasing availability of invasive and non-invasive stimulation techniques and their potential therapeutic role in this condition.

show abstract

Impaired eye blink classical conditioning distinguishes dystonic patients with and without tremor

Abstract: The present data show that cerebellar impairment segregates with the presence of tremor in patients with dystonia, suggesting that the cerebellum might have a role in the occurrence of dystonic tremor.

Cited by 57 publications

References 16 publications

Network localization of cervical dystonia based on causal brain lesions

Network localization of cervical dystonia based on causal brain lesions

Abnormal sensory gating in patients with different types of focal dystonias

Cerebellum: An explanation for dystonia?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About