Implant Materials: Topography and Their Influence in Osseointegration

Abstract

With advancements in science and technology, edentulousness has been provided with a permanent solution in the form of dental implants. Implant materials have been evolving in various aspects to enhance their property of Osseointegration since their discovery. With research revealing the intense process of bone formation and biology around osseointegration, scientists have been experimenting with various compositions of alloys, allotropic forms, and commercially pure (cp) forms of titanium. Topographical modifications and their effect on new bone formations will be dealt with in this article.

An overview of dental implant biomaterials

“…To be specific, osseointegration is the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant [1,6,7]. For this to happen, the bone should be viable, the gap at the interface of the bone and implant must be less than 10 nm and there should not be any connective tissue at the interface [1,[6][7][8]. The concept of osseointegration was introduced by a Swedish orthopedician, Per-Ingvar Branemark in 1969.…”