Implementation and Benchmarking of Hardware Accelerators for Ciphering in LTE Terminals

Hessel, Sebastian; Szczesny, David; Lohmann, Nils; Bilgic, Attila; Hausner, J.

doi:10.1109/glocom.2009.5426313

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The stand-alone and the integrated de-/ciphering unit in the sDMA controller use both an equal timing configuration of 4 ns per byte for encryption and decryption. This is the maximum performance value derived from hardware implementations presented in [21]. Additionally, the header decoding units in the sDMA controller work with a timing of one cycle per byte.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Processing Performance of a Smart DMA Controller for LTE Terminals

Szczesny

Hessel

Traboulsi

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE 16th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications

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Abstract-In this paper we present an extended and optimized version of a smart Direct Memory Access (sDMA) controller supporting different on-the-fly protocol stack acceleration concepts for Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile terminals. In addition to the downlink processing, we analyse different on-the-fly hardware acceleration modes for the uplink protocol stack processing in layer 2 (L2). Moreover, the system performance is further improved by adopting parallelization methods. The efficiency of on-the-fly hardware acceleration is proved by comparing the transport block processing times to those achieved with a conventional hardware accelerator. Therefore, a cycle approximate virtual prototype of a state-of-the-art mobile phone platform based on an ARM1176 processor is simulated at LTE-Advanced data rates of up to 1 Gbit/s. In uplink direction, we are able to reduce the complexity in the sDMA controller and simultaneously improve the processing performance in the mobile platform. This is realized by intelligent hardware/software partitioning and an optimized descriptor format. Furthermore, a significant optimization (up to 13 %) of the system performance in a mobile device is achieved by adopting parallelized on-the-fly hardware acceleration modes. We show how the sDMA controller clearly outperforms the traditional approach by reaching speedups of up to 35 % and 66 % for the transport block processing times in uplink and downlink directions, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Processing Performance of a Smart DMA Controller for LTE Terminals

Szczesny

Hessel

Traboulsi

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE 16th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications

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“…They focused on optimizing tables and adders in the critical path of the design, and provided a comparison with other implementations and other ciphers. Hessel et al [13] analyzed various aspects of SNOW 3G and AES; both are used in LTE. They determined how the system changes with respect to data rate.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instructions and hardware designs for accelerating SNOW 3G on a software-defined radio platform

Jenkins

Schulte

Glossner

2011

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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Software-defined radio (SDR) is a new technology transitioning from research into commercial markets. SDR moves hardware-dominant baseband processing of multiple wireless communication protocols into software on a single chip. New cellular standards, such as HSPA?, LTE, and LTE?, require speeds in excess of 40 Mbps. SNOW 3G is a new stream cipher approved for use in these cellular protocols. Running SNOW 3G in software on our SDR platform provides a throughput of 19.1 Mbps per thread for confidentiality and 18.3 Mbps per thread for integrity. To have secure cellular communications in SDR platforms for these new protocols, the performance of security algorithms must be improved. This paper presents instruction set architecture (ISA) extensions and hardware designs for cellular confidentiality and integrity algorithms using SNOW 3G. Our ISA extensions and hardware designs are evaluated for the Sandbridge Sandblaster TM 3011 (SB3011) SDR platform. With our new SNOW 3G instructions, the performance of confidentiality and integrity improve by 70 and 2%, respectively. For confidentiality, power consumption increased by 2%, while energy decreased by 40%. For integrity, power consumption remained consistent, while energy decreased by 2%.

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“…From Table 1, we find the implementations in [9,10,11] are potential candidates for using in 5G since they meet the required throughput of 5G and Table 1. AES Implementations present their energy requirements which enable us to make a meaningful analysis.…”

Section: Aesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This implementation appears to be a very good candidate for a 5G phone. In [11], the implementation achieves the required throughput without any need of scaling up but it spends almost 30 times more energy than that of [9].…”

Section: Aesmentioning

confidence: 99%

AES and SNOW 3G are Feasible Choices for a 5G Phone from Energy Perspective

Khan

Niemi

2017

Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

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Abstract. The aspirations for a 5th generation (5G) mobile network are high. It has a vision of unprecedented data-rate and extremely pervasive connectivity. To cater such aspirations in a mobile phone, many existing efficiency aspects of a mobile phone need to be reviewed. We look into the matter of required energy to encrypt and decrypt the huge amount of traffic that will leave from and enter into a 5G enabled mobile phone. In this paper, we present an account of the power consumption details of the efficient hardware implementations of AES and SNOW 3G. We also present an account of the power consumption details of LTE protocol stack on some cutting edge hardware platforms. Based on the aforementioned two accounts, we argue that the energy requirement for the current encryption systems AES and SNOW 3G will not impact the battery-life of a 5G enabled mobile phone by any significant proportion.

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Implementation and Benchmarking of Hardware Accelerators for Ciphering in LTE Terminals

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Optimizing the Processing Performance of a Smart DMA Controller for LTE Terminals

Optimizing the Processing Performance of a Smart DMA Controller for LTE Terminals

Instructions and hardware designs for accelerating SNOW 3G on a software-defined radio platform

AES and SNOW 3G are Feasible Choices for a 5G Phone from Energy Perspective

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