Implementation of artificial habitats: Inside or outside the marine protected areas? Insights from a mathematical approach

Brochier, Timothée; Auger, Pierre; Thiam, Ndiaga; Sow, Momar; Diouf, Sidiya; Sloterdijk, Hans; Brehmer, Patrice

doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.10.034

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…, Maciel and Lutscher , Brochier et al. ) have demonstrated that a movement bias at the MPA boundary toward the MPA can produce spatial patterns similar to those seen in our model of differential movement. Both behavioral processes (movement bias and differential movement) can extend the relative residence time of individuals in MPAs and further increase the local effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Habitat‐dependent movement rate can determine the efficacy of marine protected areas

Jiao

Pilyugin

Riotte‐Lambert

et al. 2018

Ecology

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Theoretical studies of marine protected areas (MPAs) suggest that more mobile species should exhibit reduced local effects (defined as the ratio of the density inside vs. outside of the MPA). However, empirical studies have not supported the expected negative relationship between the local effect and mobility. We propose that differential, habitat-dependent movement (i.e., a higher movement rate in the fishing grounds than in the MPA) might explain the disparity between theoretical expectations and empirical results. We evaluate this hypothesis by building two-patch box and stepping-stone models and show that increasing disparity in the habitat-specific movement rates shifts the relationship between the local effect and mobility from negative (the previous theoretical results) to neutral or positive (the empirical pattern). This shift from negative to positive occurs when differential movement offsets recruitment and mortality differences between the two habitats. Thus, local effects of MPAs might be caused by behavioral responses via differential movement rather than by, or in addition to, reductions in mortality. In addition, the benefits of MPAs, in terms of regional abundance and fishing yields, can be altered by the magnitude of differential movement. Thus, our study points to a need for empirical investigations that disentangle the interactions among mobility, differential movement, and protection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Habitat‐dependent movement rate can determine the efficacy of marine protected areas

Jiao

Pilyugin

Riotte‐Lambert

et al. 2018

Ecology

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“…), few have modeled the exploitation risk caused by attraction (Brochier et al. ). So while attraction gained popularity due to the parsimony of the process for describing fish assemblages on artificial reefs, the impacts of attraction remained qualitative and uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For reefs open to fishing, it has been largely assumed that attraction of fish to an artificial reef is a harmful process, and species-specific variation is usually ignored. Although numerous studies have attempted to quantitate or infer production (Powers et al 2003;Brickhill et al 2005;Leitão et al 2007), few have modeled the exploitation risk caused by attraction (Brochier et al 2015). So while attraction gained popularity due to the parsimony of the process for describing fish assemblages on artificial reefs, the impacts of attraction remained qualitative and uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish attraction to artificial reefs not always harmful: a simulation study

Smith

Lowry²,

Suthers

2015

Ecology and Evolution

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The debate on whether artificial reefs produce new fish or simply attract existing fish biomass continues due to the difficulty in distinguishing these processes, and there remains considerable doubt as to whether artificial reefs are a harmful form of habitat modification. The harm typically associated with attraction is that fish will be easier to harvest due to the existing biomass aggregating at a newly deployed reef. This outcome of fish attraction has not progressed past an anecdotal form, however, and is always perceived as a harmful process. We present a numerical model that simulates the effect that a redistributed fish biomass, due to an artificial reef, has on fishing catch per unit effort (CPUE). This model can be used to identify the scenarios (in terms of reef, fish, and harvest characteristics) that pose the most risk of exploitation due to fish attraction. The properties of this model were compared to the long‐standing predictions by Bohnsack (1989) on the factors that increase the risk or the harm of attraction. Simulations revealed that attraction is not always harmful because it does not always increase maximum fish density. Rather, attraction sometimes disperses existing fish biomass making them harder to catch. Some attraction can be ideal, with CPUE lowest when attraction leads to an equal distribution of biomass between natural and artificial reefs. Simulations also showed that the outcomes from attraction depend on the characteristics of the target fish species, such that transient or pelagic species are often at more risk of harmful attraction than resident species. Our findings generally agree with Bohnsack's predictions, although we recommend distinguishing “mobility” and “fidelity” when identifying species most at risk from attraction, as these traits had great influence on patterns of harvest of attracted fish biomass.

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“…The topographic complexity of the ARs provides shelter, food and protection for benthic organisms, especially for spawning. Studies have been conducted to estimate the efficacy of ARs for artisanal fisheries (Falace and Bressan, 2002;Tessier et al, 2014), to characterize patterns in fish colonization of ARs (Relini et al, 1994;Santos et al, 2010), to evaluate the role of ARs as part of marine protected area development (Brochier et al, 2015;Wilson et al, 2002), and to investigate the attractionconcentration vs. production effects of ARs (Cresson et al, 2014b;Pickering and Whitmarsh, 1997). Most researches focused on the influence of ARs on aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic mapping and classification of benthic habitat using unsupervised learning in artificial reef water

Tang

Xia

et al. 2017

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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a b s t r a c tArtificial reefs (ARs) are effective means to maintain fishery resources and to restore ecological environment in coastal waters. ARs have been widely constructed along the Chinese coast. However, understanding of benthic habitats in the vicinity of ARs is limited, hindering effective fisheries and aquacultural management. Multibeam echosounder (MBES) is an advanced acoustic instrument capable of efficiently generating large-scale maps of benthic environments at fine resolutions. The objective of this study is to develop a technical approach to characterize, classify, and map shallow coastal areas with ARs using an MBES. An automated classification method is designed and tested to process bathymetric and backscatter data from MBES and transform the variables into simple, easily visualized maps. To reduce the redundancy in acoustic variables, a principal component analysis (PCA) is used to condense the highly collinear dataset. An acoustic benthic map of bottom sediments is classified using an iterative self-organizing data analysis technique (ISODATA). The approach is tested with MBES surveys in a 1.15 km 2 fish farm with a high density of ARs off the Yantai coast in northern China. Using this method, 3 basic benthic habitats (sandy bottom, muddy sediments, and ARs) are distinguished. The results of the classification are validated using sediment samples and underwater surveys. Our study shows that the use of MBES is an effective method for acoustic mapping and classification of ARs.

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Implementation of artificial habitats: Inside or outside the marine protected areas? Insights from a mathematical approach

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Habitat‐dependent movement rate can determine the efficacy of marine protected areas

Habitat‐dependent movement rate can determine the efficacy of marine protected areas

Fish attraction to artificial reefs not always harmful: a simulation study

Acoustic mapping and classification of benthic habitat using unsupervised learning in artificial reef water

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