Implementation of the START:AV in a secure adolescent service

Sher, Marilyn A.; Gralton, Ernest

doi:10.1108/jfp-04-2013-0021

Cited by 11 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…With respect to the instrument's characteristics, there are several parallels with the findings of Sher and Gralton (2014). For instance, group care workers in our study also found the items to be straightforward and easy to complete; yet, some struggled with differentiating strengths from vulnerabilities, similar to the UK study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…In addition, resources were a frequently mentioned barrier: the START:AV increased staff members' workload while operating within the same (time) conditions. Similarly, staff in Sher and Gralton (2014) study reported a lack of time to effectively complete the START:AV. The present approach to treat the START:AV as a master file, and the time investment that came with it, led to resistance among staff members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Strictly separating strengths from vulnerabilities required additional effort. In addition, group care workers reported that differences between some of the items were quite subtle, making it more difficult to allocate information to the appropriate item without duplicating, a concern also mentioned by Sher and Gralton (2014). It is unclear from the UK study, whether staff was already familiar with structured information gathering.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are aware of one implementation study with the START:AV conducted by Sher and Gralton (2014) in a British medium secure adolescent service. This study aimed to establish gaps in training and involve staff in the implementation process by inquiring their views and experiences with the instrument.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staff Perceptions on the Implementation of Structured Risk Assessment with the START:AV: Identifying Barriers and Facilitators in a Residential Youth Care Setting

Beuf

Ruiter

Vogel

2020

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health

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An effective implementation approach is crucial for successful integration of structured risk assessment instruments into practice. This qualitative study explored barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability: Adolescent Version (START:AV) in a Dutch residential youth care service. Perceptions of staff members from various disciplines were gathered through focus group interviews at three consecutive occasions. After inductive coding of the interview extracts using thematic analysis, the identified codes were linked to the consolidated framework for implementation research. Through this framework, factors that influence an implementation project can be organized into multiple domains and constructs. In the present study, staff members described implementation barriers related to characteristics of the risk assessment instrument, staff, and the implementation process. In addition, features of the setting were frequently mentioned as hindering the implementation, such as hierarchy, culture, communication, as well as implementation climate and readiness for change. Staff members also identified multiple facilitators, such as experienced advantages of the START:AV compared to the previous risk assessment practice and positive beliefs about the instrument. The article concludes with recommendations for successful implementation of structured risk assessment instruments in forensic-clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staff Perceptions on the Implementation of Structured Risk Assessment with the START:AV: Identifying Barriers and Facilitators in a Residential Youth Care Setting

Beuf

Ruiter

Vogel

2020

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health

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“…These studies of adolescent offenders are complemented by research initiated by our colleagues. For instance, Sher and colleagues (2011) have examined the START:AV in a secure psychiatric hospital in the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Taking Steps: Adapting the Start For Adolescents Through A Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taking Stock and Taking Steps: The Case for an Adolescent Version of the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability

Viljoen

Cruise

Nicholls

et al. 2012

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health

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The field of violence risk assessment has matured considerably, possibly advancing beyond its own adolescence. At this point in the field’s evolution, it is more important than ever for the development of any new device to be accompanied by a strong rationale and the capacity to provide a unique contribution. With this issue in mind, we first take stock of the field of adolescent risk assessment in order to describe the rapid progress that this field has made, as well as the gaps that led us to adapt the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START; Webster, Martin, Brink, Nicholls, & Desmarais, 2009) for use with adolescents. We view the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability: Adolescent Version (START:AV; Nicholls, Viljoen, Cruise, Desmarais, & Webster, 2010; Viljoen, Cruise, Nicholls, Desmarais, & Webster, in progress) as complementing other risk measures in four primary ways: 1) rather than focusing solely on violence risk, it examines broader adverse outcomes to which some adolescents are vulnerable (including self-harm, suicide, victimization, substance abuse, unauthorized leave, self-neglect, general offending); 2) it places a balanced emphasis on adolescents’ strengths; 3) it focuses on dynamic factors that are relevant to short-term assessment, risk management, and treatment planning; and 4) it is designed for both mental health and justice populations. We describe the developmentally-informed approach we took in the adaptation of the START for adolescents, and outline future steps for the continuing validation and refinement of the START:AV.

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Do risk assessment tools help manage and reduce risk of violence and reoffending? A systematic review.

Viljoen¹,

Cochrane

Jonnson

2018

Law and Human Behavior

102

115

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Although it is widely believed that risk assessment tools can help manage risk of violence and offending, it is unclear what evidence exists to support this view. As such, we conducted a systematic review and narrative synthesis. To identify studies, we searched 13 databases, reviewed reference lists, and contacted experts. Through this review, we identified 73 published and unpublished studies (N = 31,551 psychiatric patients and offenders, N = 10,002 professionals) that examined either professionals' risk management efforts following the use of a tool, or rates of violence or offending following the implementation of a tool. These studies included a variety of populations (e.g., adults, adolescents), tools, and study designs. The primary findings were as follows: (a) despite some promising findings, professionals do not consistently adhere to tools or apply them to guide their risk management efforts; (b) following the use of a tool, match to the risk principle is moderate and match to the needs principle is limited, as many needs remained unaddressed; (c) there is insufficient evidence to conclude that tools directly reduce violence or reoffending, as findings are mixed; and (d) tools appear to have a more beneficial impact on risk management when agencies use careful implementation procedures and provide staff with training and guidelines related to risk management. In sum, although risk assessment tools may be an important starting point, they do not guarantee effective treatment or risk management. However, certain strategies may bolster their utility. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Implementation of the START:AV in a secure adolescent service

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Staff Perceptions on the Implementation of Structured Risk Assessment with the START:AV: Identifying Barriers and Facilitators in a Residential Youth Care Setting

Staff Perceptions on the Implementation of Structured Risk Assessment with the START:AV: Identifying Barriers and Facilitators in a Residential Youth Care Setting

Taking Stock and Taking Steps: The Case for an Adolescent Version of the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability

Do risk assessment tools help manage and reduce risk of violence and reoffending? A systematic review.

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