Implications of a Spatial Multicriteria Decision Analysis for Urban Development in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Abstract

New technology has provided new tools for effective spatial planning. Through the example of locating suitable sites for urban development in Ulaanbaatar, this paper illustrates how multicriteria decision analysis and geographical information systems can be used for more effective urban planning. Several constraint and factor criteria were identified, transformed into map layers, and weighted together using the analytic hierarchy process. Besides localization results, this study shows the effect of using poor elevation data and how a sensitivity analysis can be applied to yield further information, spot weighting weaknesses, and assess the quality of the criteria.

Índice de vulnerabilidade socioambiental: uma proposta metodológica utilizando o caso do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

“…Como exemplos pode-se citar o estudo de Joerin et al, onde esta metodologia é utilizada no planejamento do uso da terra na Suíça 34 ; Sener et al 35 , na identificação de locais para construção de aterros sanitários na região do Lago Beys, na Turquia; Elsheikh et al 36 , na construção de um mapa de risco de inundação em Terengganu, na Malásia; Wanyonyi et al 37 , na localização de potenciais sítios para ecoturismo no Quênia; Myagmartseren et al 38 , na identificação de regiões adequadas para o desenvolvimento urbano em Ulaanbaatar, Mongólia. No Brasil, Santos et al 39 , na análise da fragilidade social da área urbanizada do municí-pio de Viçosa -MG; Oliveira et al 40 , para determinar o Índice de Sustentabilidade de Expansão do Setor Sucroalcooleiro; e Gomes e Lins 41 , na análise da qualidade de vida urbana da população do município do Rio de Janeiro.…”

The Fractal Geometry of Urban Land Use: The Case of Ulaanbaatar City, Mongolia

“…Together with the fact that most land-use studies are carried out without urban fractal analysis, and such studies for Mongolia do not even exist, this justifies the need, for example, to illustrate the advantages and opportunities these tools provide. The planning process can then benefit from a technical point of view, as well as from an understanding of the underlying problems in a scientific sense [25].…”

“…GIS provides many tools for handling all issues related to land resource management. One of the key characteristics of the GIS technology is that it is capable of handling and combining different types of data very efficiently [25]. GIS spatial analysis is the most important part of urban fractal geometry which gives basic parameters and shape information.…”

“…With respect to land use, the city has undergone a dramatic urbanization trend during the last decade (the urban land-use distribution of Ulaanbaatar city is presented in Table 2) [25].…”

“…Spatial changes occurred in the north and south-west part of the Ulaanbaatar city vicinity where urban sprawl appeared after the boom of rural to urban migration caused by economic crisis, natural disaster and land privatization. The appearance of a large envelop of sprawl occupation in the north may be due to empty spaces with gentle slopes, existing roads and electricity and an urban shape like an octopus tentacle and were largely constrained by the narrow valleys and the localization of previous infrastructure [25]. The 'ger area'/residential sprawl are semi-detached nomadic tents with enclosed fences which have mostly adversely possessed all vacant land, and after visualization of these the main land-use change of Ulaanbaatar could be concluded.…”