Implications of Migration Patterns and Sex Work on Access to Health Services and Key Health Outcomes: A Qualitative Study on Male Migrant Sex Workers in London

Ruiz-Burga, Elisa

doi:10.1080/19317611.2021.1902893

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Additionally, the findings were self-reported by participants and may therefore have self-reported bias. Nonetheless, the study provides data needed to understand the intersection of various identities, stigma, and discrimination and how these factors increase the vulnerability of MSSM to HIV/STIs [33,34]. Therefore, the study has implications for future studies, programming, and policies to ensure targeted interventions for MSSM refugees in Kenya.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Health and HIV/STI Risk in Gay Refugee Men in Nairobi, Kenya: A Qualitative Study

Misedah

Ross

Wambua³

et al. 2021

Venereology

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Refugees are often without financial support and some resort to survival sex. Some of these men are gay or bisexual who fled their countries because of actual or fear of death and other persecution, exacerbated by the criminalization of consensual same-sex practices by life imprisonment or death in extreme cases. We conducted qualitative interviews with 12 gay and bisexual men within a larger sample in Nairobi, Kenya, who engaged in survival sex. Thematic analysis indicated eight main themes: Physical dangers, sexual assault, lack of rights and recourse to justice; Emotional difficulties of sex work; Seeing treatable STIs as “normal”, but others like Hepatitis B and C as abnormal, and HIV as the most feared; Recognition of penile symptoms but concerns about sexual health including anal symptoms, such as fistulas and bleeding; good knowledge about HIV but confusions over PEP and PrEP, self-testing, health access to NGO clinics and some hospital clinics but concerns about stigma and discrimination in public clinics generally; and as a result of concerns about public healthcare settings, use of pharmacies for treatment. The data indicate that male refugees from gay repression, as found for refugees from other repressions, face many of the same issues with local variations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Health and HIV/STI Risk in Gay Refugee Men in Nairobi, Kenya: A Qualitative Study

Misedah

Ross

Wambua³

et al. 2021

Venereology

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“…In particular, migration is a public health concern affecting TWC in the U.S.-Mexico border region. The migration journey can exacerbate vulnerabilities and health inequalities in countries of destination, provoked by hard living conditions and economic deprivation of individuals and family experiences ( 11 ). TWC who flee to the United States (U.S.) through the U.S.-Mexico border may be subjected to sexual, physical, verbal assaults and robbery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Photovoice Methodology to Assess Health Needs and Identify Opportunities Among Migrant Transgender Women in the U.S.-Mexico Border

Chávez-Baray

Martínez

Chaparro

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Psychosocial, social and structural conditions have rarely been studied among transgender women in the U.S.-Mexico Border. This study used Photovoice methodology to empower migrant transgender women of color (TWC) to reflect on realities from their own perspectives and experiences and promote critical dialogue, knowledge, and community action. Sixteen participants documented their daily experiences through photography, engaged in photo-discussions to assess needs and identify opportunities, and developed a community-informed Call to Action. Four major themes emerged from the participants' photographs, discussions, and engagement: (1) mental health, (2) migration experiences and challenges, (3) stigma, discrimination, and resiliency, and (4) impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through active community engagement, a Call to Action was developed. A binational advisory committee of decision makers and scholars reviewed a set of recommendations to better respond to the needs of TWC in the U.S.-Mexico Border. Photovoice served as an empowerment tool for TWC to assess the myriad of syndemic conditions, including mental health, stigma, discrimination and COVID-19, affecting them daily and identify initiatives for change.

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“…The migration process has been associated with a higher risk of engaging in TS through different pathways [ 2 , 16 ]. For example, migrants experiencing hardship with unsatisfied basic needs, such as lack of food and shelter in the receiving country (including undocumented migrants), may resort to TS to fulfil these needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among Swedish-born and foreign-born MSM in Sweden

et al. 2022

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Background Little is known about transactional sex (TS) (selling and buying sex) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Sweden, especially among foreign-born MSM. This study aims to assess the prevalence and risk factors of TS (ever and in the previous five years) among MSM living in Sweden and to determine if there is a difference between Swedish-born MSM and foreign-born MSM. Methods Swedish data from a multicountry online banner survey (EMIS-2017) was used (n = 4443). Multivariable regression analysis was applied to analyse the data. Results The prevalence of ever-selling sex among all MSM participants was 13.2% and 5.9% in the previous five years. Selling sex ever and in the previous five years was higher among foreign-born MSM (16% and 8.4%, respectively) than Swedish-born MSM (12.7% and 5.4%, respectively). Among all participants, younger age (aOR:3.19, 95% CI:1.57–6.45) and really struggling to live on current income (aOR:3.37, 95% CI:2.29–4.96) increased the odds of selling sex. Being foreign-born MSM (aOR:1.33, 95% CI:1.02–1.73) and having had sex with a woman in the previous 12 months increased the odds of selling sex (aOR:1.44, 95% CI:1.00–2.07). The prevalence of ever buying sex among MSM participants in Sweden was 10.8% and 6.7% in the previous five years, with the same trend among foreign-born MSM (11.6% and 6.9%, respectively) and Swedish-born MSM (10.7% and 6.6%, respectively). Higher education and not having a current partner increased the odds of buying sex. Younger age was protective for buying sex (aOR:0.05, 95% CI:0.02–0.14). Among the foreign-born MSM, the length of stay in Sweden decreased the odds of buying sex (aOR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99). Conclusions The comparatively high prevalence of TS among MSM participants in Sweden, where buying sex is illegal, with a higher prevalence among foreign-born MSM participants, calls for sexual and reproductive health and rights interventions in this population. Increased attention, including HIV prevention programming and education, should be aimed at younger MSM, MSM struggling with their current income, and foreign-born MSM, as they are more likely to report selling sex.

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Implications of Migration Patterns and Sex Work on Access to Health Services and Key Health Outcomes: A Qualitative Study on Male Migrant Sex Workers in London

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Sexual Health and HIV/STI Risk in Gay Refugee Men in Nairobi, Kenya: A Qualitative Study

Sexual Health and HIV/STI Risk in Gay Refugee Men in Nairobi, Kenya: A Qualitative Study

The Use of Photovoice Methodology to Assess Health Needs and Identify Opportunities Among Migrant Transgender Women in the U.S.-Mexico Border

Prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among Swedish-born and foreign-born MSM in Sweden

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