Implicit role of Cairns distributed ions and weak relativistic effects of electrons in the formation of dust acoustic waves in plasma

Abstract

In this model of a dusty plasma, we have investigated dust acoustic waves consisting of electrons with weak relativistic effects, Cairns distributed cold ions and negatively charged mobile dust. Dust acoustic (DA) compressive and rarefactive solitons of various amplitudes are established. The parameter ${\it\beta}$ involved in Cairns distribution is related to the non-thermal parameter ${\it\alpha}$. However, the increase of ${\it\beta}$, which is independent of temperature, becomes instrumental for complete linear increase or decrease of the amplitudes of both the compressive and rarefactive relativistic solitons. Hence it is worthwhile to note that the increase of ${\it\beta}$ is solely due to the rest energy and not due to kinetic energy in this relativistic plasma. This is one of the most significant results of our investigation. Also, the flux of negative charges from the dust particles, together with the effect of the relativistic electrons, appears to balance the positive charges of Cairns distributed ions for nearly constant growth of amplitudes.

Breather Structures and Peregrine Solitons in a Polarized Space Dusty Plasma

“…Nonthermal charged particles have been found in the Earth's bow-shock [56], Mar's ionosphere [57], lunar vicinity [58], and the Jupiter and Saturn environments [59]. A large number of studies have focused on the characteristics of different nonlinear waves in the framework of nonthermal Cairns distribution in various plasma systems [27,[60][61][62]. Singh [60] studied the propagation of ion acoustic waves (IAWs) in an inhomogeneous electron-ion plasma having nonthermal electrons obeying Cairns distribution.…”

“…The characteristics of nonlinear IAWs are strongly affected by the density inhomogeneities as well as nonthermality of electrons. Kalita and Kalita [61] studied the dust acoustic waves in a dusty plasma composed of weakly relativistic electrons, nonthermal ions (obeying Cairns distribution), and negatively charged dust. They found that the variation in nonthermal parameter of ions significantly modifies the amplitude of both compressive and rarefactive solitons.…”

Comparative study of dust ion acoustic Korteweg–de Vries and modified Korteweg–de Vries solitons in dusty plasmas with variable temperatures

“…For complete determination of phase space (position, velocity out of any form) mapping of dust particles in the plasmas surrounding space bodies such as the Moon or Mars – through Spectrometer and ‘Imager’ –have been investigated in space missions such as ASPERA (automatic space plasma experiment with a rotating analyser) on the Phobos satellite. This is described in the works of Kalita & Kalita (2016).…”