Improved biodiesel production from sludge palm oil catalyzed by a low-cost liquid lipase under low-input process conditions

Loh, Jun Mann; Amelia,; Gourich, Wail; Chew, Chien Lye; Song, Cher Pin; Chan, Eng Seng

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.138

Cited by 54 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It is reported that GTW and sludge have very high fatty acid levels (8%−100%), in comparison to the other virgin feedstocks. 5,51 This can be explained by the hydrolysis reaction between the glycerides, the main components of vegetable oils, and the presence of water during the cooking and waste disposal processes. 52 Reaction 1 shows the mechanism of the hydrolysis reaction.…”

Section: Lipid Extraction Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,43,86−88 In terms of the noncatalyzed process, the recent introduction of supercritical transesterification has attracted much attention. 11,51,89,90 Normally, supercritical transesterification is a self-catalyzed process since catalysts, H + , and OH − , are formed during special operational conditions. However, despite the cost benefit that this process can provide, it is waiting to be applied across the industry, because of the critical reaction conditions and the relatively high cost of the associated equipment.…”

Section: Biodiesel Production Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basically, the oil properties of FOG are mainly based on its fatty acid composition, which is an important criterion used to determine the concomitant biodiesel production techniques required. It is reported that GTW and sludge have very high fatty acid levels (8%–100%), in comparison to the other virgin feedstocks. , This can be explained by the hydrolysis reaction between the glycerides, the main components of vegetable oils, and the presence of water during the cooking and waste disposal processes Reaction shows the mechanism of the hydrolysis reaction. …”

Section: Lipid Extraction Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, the transesterification process can be divided into two reactions: catalyzed and noncatalyzed transesterification. Three types of catalysts can be utilized for the process, namely homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzymatic catalysts. ,,− In terms of the noncatalyzed process, the recent introduction of supercritical transesterification has attracted much attention. ,,, Normally, supercritical transesterification is a self-catalyzed process since catalysts, H + , and OH – , are formed during special operational conditions. However, despite the cost benefit that this process can provide, it is waiting to be applied across the industry, because of the critical reaction conditions and the relatively high cost of the associated equipment.…”

Section: Biodiesel Production Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Biodiesel from Recycled Grease Trap Waste: A Review

Tran

Tišma

Budžaki

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In recent years, climate changes occurring worldwide have encouraged research into the development of eco-friendly, lowerenvironmental-impact, and more-sustainable energy sources. This may also be a solution to deal with the rapid decrease in, and depletion of, fossil resources. Biodiesel has been considered as a key attribute for effective climate change responses and a potential candidate to substitute for mineral diesel. Even so, the marketability of biodiesel is still very limited, because of the lower price of fossil diesel, as well as the expensive cost of present biodiesel feedstocks. In this regard, the use of wastewater residuals such as scum sludge and grease trap waste (GTW) as a cost-effective feedstock appears to be attractive. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the characteristics of GTW in order to develop an appropriate technique for biodiesel production from this low-quality and low-cost resource. However, most of these studies have only focused on a partial process, including the pretreatment of feedstock, the esterification, and the transesterification processes, without reporting a fully integrated process for biodiesel production from recycled trap grease. Therefore, this study aims to highlight recent achievements in the production of biodiesel from GTW and to consider the potential marketability of this fuel.

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Section: Lipid Extraction Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biodiesel Production Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lipid Extraction Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biodiesel Production Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Production of Biodiesel from Recycled Grease Trap Waste: A Review

Tran

Tišma

Budžaki

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Indonesia and Malaysia are the main producers and exporters of palm oil [3][4][5]. Oil-bearing crops such as oil palm, rape, sunflower among others are feedstock for biodiesel production [6,7]. Waste cooking oils are also used for biodiesel [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of optimal processing parameters of palm kernel oil extraction under uniaxial loading towards food security and energy sustainability

Demirel

Herák

Kabutey

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The present study evaluates the optimal conditions for palm kernel oil extraction under uniaxial compression loading. The response surface regression technique was used to test the independent variables, which were the force, vessel diameter and speed at three levels separately. The kernel oil yield was observed as the dependent variable where a regression model was described using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% probability level. The observed palm kernel oil yield was found to be 22.61% whereas the optimized value was 22.99%. The corresponding extraction (deformation energy) was calculated to be 1.24 kJ. The lack-of-fit of the regression model was non-significant (P > 0.05) implying its adequacy. The force, vessel diameter and speed at the levels of 200 kN, 60 mm and 4 mmmin-1 were identified as the optimum parameters for obtaining high percentage palm kernel oil under uniaxial compression. The findings would be validated in a mechanical screw press type Farmet Duo at a laboratory scale to optimize the palm kernel oil extraction process at small-to large -scale production.

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Lipase‐catalyzed production of biodiesel: a critical review on feedstock, enzyme carrier and process factors

Xia,

Lin,

Sayanjali

et al. 2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Biodiesel is a green and renewable alternative energy source which can be produced through lipase‐catalyzed transesterification process. Enzymatic biodiesel production has generated much interest owing to its environmentally friendly process, low wastewater treatment requirements and easy product separation. In this work, we attempt to review some of the recent patents and state‐of‐the‐art technology in lipase‐catalyzed transesterification for biodiesel production including feedstock, lipases, novel carriers and process factors. This work will provide useful guidance for researchers to develop cost efficient process for production of biodiesels.

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Improved biodiesel production from sludge palm oil catalyzed by a low-cost liquid lipase under low-input process conditions

Cited by 54 publications

References 27 publications

Production of Biodiesel from Recycled Grease Trap Waste: A Review

Production of Biodiesel from Recycled Grease Trap Waste: A Review

Investigation of optimal processing parameters of palm kernel oil extraction under uniaxial loading towards food security and energy sustainability

Lipase‐catalyzed production of biodiesel: a critical review on feedstock, enzyme carrier and process factors

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