Improved charge extraction in inverted perovskite solar cells with dual-site-binding ligands

Abstract

Inverted (pin) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) afford improved operating stability in comparison to their nip counterparts but have lagged in power conversion efficiency (PCE). The energetic losses responsible for this PCE deficit in pin PSCs occur primarily at the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge-transport layers. Additive and surface treatments that use passivating ligands usually bind to a single active binding site: This dense packing of electrically resistive passivants perpendicular to the surface may limit the fill factor in pin PSCs. We identified ligands that bind two neighboring lead(II) ion (Pb 2+ ) defect sites in a planar ligand orientation on the perovskite. We fabricated pin PSCs and report a certified quasi–steady state PCE of 26.15 and 24.74% for 0.05– and 1.04–square centimeter illuminated areas, respectively. The devices retain 95% of their initial PCE after 1200 hours of continuous 1 sun maximum power point operation at 65°C.

Recent Advances in Metal Oxide Electron Transport Layers for Enhancing the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Figure 3 shows the trends in high-performing PSCs according to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL) record of best research-cell efficiencies. Since then, according to the NREL’s record of best research-cell efficiencies, the PCE of these devices has rapidly increased to 26.1% [ 2 , 27 , 28 ]. The devices reported by Sargent et al employ a p–i–n stack of FTO/SAMs/perovskite/C60/SnOx/Ag.…”

Comparative Analysis of the Stability and Performance of Double-, Triple-, and Quadruple-Cation Perovskite Solar Cells for Rooftop and Indoor Applications

“…Being in an early stage of development compared to silicon PV, PSCs have already gained huge popularity for research worldwide. PSCs have seen the steepest incline in the power conversion efficiency (PCE), which increased from 3.8% to more than 26% in both p-i-n and n-i-p devices in less than two decades [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. PSCs are suitable for most of the energy demands, including rooftop, commercial, greenhouse, and indoor applications [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Enhanced Efficiency and Stability of Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells via Primary Amine Molecular Reaction

“…Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have significantly attracted many researchers due to their simple manufacturing process, negligible hysteresis, low cost, and good compatibility with various photovoltaic devices in series. − At present, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has been increased from 3.8% to more than 26%. − It is gratifying to observe that PCE of the most advanced p-i-n structured PSCs has progressively reached the highest reported value associated with the n-i-p configuration. , However, further improvement of device performance is mainly limited by the interfacial nonradiative recombination loss. This type of loss is caused by many surface defects in the solution-treated polycrystalline perovskite film and/or the suboptimal carrier transport, and recombination dynamics at the related interface. − …”