Improved detection of a staphylococcal infection by monomeric and protein A-purified polyclonal human immunoglobulin

Calame, Wim; Welling, Mick M.; Feitsma, H. I. J.; Ensing, Geert; Pauwels, E. K. J.

doi:10.1007/bf00175161

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the thigh infection model, it was demonstrated that shortly after injection, Tc-labeled IgG, lower T/NT values as observed at intervals from 4 h on might be explained by the reduction in bacterial number induced by HNP-1, because an increase in the accumulation of IgG is related to the outgrowth of bacteria present at the site of infection (9). The difference in molecular size between HNP-1 (mol wt ϭ 3500) and IgG (mol wt ϭ 150,000) is a plausible explanation for enabling small molecules to get easier access to infected sites (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, to study accumulation of HNP-1 at the site of infection and its biodistribution in various organs, 99m Technetium ( 99m Tc)-labeled HNP-1 was used in experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae (gram-negative) or S. aureus (gram-positive) thigh infections. These results were compared with those obtained using 99m Tc-IgG, an established marker for infection (9,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial activity of human neutrophil defensins in experimental infections in mice is accompanied by increased leukocyte accumulation.

Welling¹,

Hiemstra²,

Barselaar³

et al. 1998

J. Clin. Invest.

131

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Neutrophil defensins (or human neutrophil peptides-HNP) are major constituents of the azurophilic granules of human neutrophils and have been shown to display broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Other activities of these defensins, which are released from stimulated neutrophils, include cytotoxic, stimulatory, and chemotactic activities toward a variety of target cells. We studied the potential use of HNP-1 for antibacterial therapy of experimental bacterial infections in mice. In experimental peritoneal Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in mice, HNP-1 injection was shown to markedly reduce bacterial numbers in the infected peritoneal cavity 24 h after infection. This antibacterial effect was found to be associated with an increased influx of macrophages, granulocytes, and lymphocytes into the peritoneal cavity. These leukocytes appeared to be a requirement for the antibacterial effect, since in leukocytopenic mice administration of HNP-1 did not display antibacterial activity. HNP-1 treatment also reduced bacterial numbers in experimental K. pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus thigh muscle infections. In this model, radiolabeled HNP-1 was found to accumulate at the site of infection, whereas most of the injected HNP-1 was rapidly removed from the circulation via renal excretion. These results demonstrate that neutrophil defensins display marked in vivo antibacterial activity in experimental infections in mice and that this activity appears to be mediated, at least in part, by local leukocyte accumulation. ( J. Clin. Invest. 1998. 102:1583-1590.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of human neutrophil defensins in experimental infections in mice is accompanied by increased leukocyte accumulation.

Welling¹,

Hiemstra²,

Barselaar³

et al. 1998

J. Clin. Invest.

131

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“…Conflicting evidence has been presented on the role of vascular permeability in the process (Fischman et al 1988a;Morrel et al 1989;Rubin et al 1989a;Thakur et al 1990;Calame et al 1991). Furthermore, it could not be demonstrated that binding of the Fc part of IgG to phagocytes accounts exclusively for this mechanism (Fischman et al 1988a(Fischman et al , 1990Rubin et al 1989a;Calame et al 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Box 7161, NL-1007 MC Amsterdam, The Netherlands Offprint requests to: E.K.J. Pauwels for 111In (Fischman et al 1988a;Rubin et al 1989a;Oyen et al 1990) as well as 99mTc (Blok et al 1990; Buscombe et al 1990;Calame et al 1991). However, the mechanism responsible for this accumulation at the site of infection has not yet been clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Binding of99mTc-labelled polyclonal human immunoglobulin to bacteria as a mechanism for scintigraphic detection of infection

Calame

Feitsma²,

Ensing³

et al. 1991

Eur J Nucl Med

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The aim of the present study was to determine whether 99mTc-labelled polyclonal human immunoglobulin (99mTc-HIG) binds to bacteria in vitro as well as in vivo. In vitro, the binding of 99mTc-HIG to various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was determined. In vivo, mice were infected with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (protein A rich) or S. aureus EMS (protein A deficient) in a thigh muscle and then 99mTc-HIG or 99mTc-labelled human serum albumin (99mTc-HSA) was administered; scintigrams were made 1, 4, and 18 h later. In vitro binding of 99mTc-HIG to bacteria was higher for gram-positive than for gram-negative forms. A positive correlation was found between the protein A content and the degree of binding to S. aureus. This was also found in vivo. The accumulation of 99mTc-HIG at the site of infection was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than that of 99mTc-HSA, for both strains of S. aureus. It is concluded that vascular permeability cannot fully explain the accumulation of 99mTc-HIG at the site of infection and that binding of 99mTc-HIG to bacteria plays a role in this respect.

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“…The presently available radiopharmaceuticals are often incapable of determining between sterile inflammation and infection. Many pharmaceuticals labeled with different radioisotopes, such as immunoglobulins [1,2], liposomes labeled with 99m Tc [3], the avidin-biotin system [4], antigranulocyte antibodies and antibody fragments, chemotactic peptides, cytokines, interleukins, platelet factor 4, and ciprofloxacin labeled with 99m Tc [5] have been used, but an optimal agent has not yet been found. Thus, autologous leukocytes labeled with 111 In or 99m Tchexamethylpropyleneamine oxime are still considered the gold standard despite the practical limitations of considerable time and labor for preparation and the necessity of a sterile environment [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic value of 99mTc-ubiquicidin scintigraphy for osteomyelitis and comparisons with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging

Assadi

Vahdat²,

Nabipour³

et al. 2011

Nuclear Medicine Communications

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Objective The discrimination of bacterial infections from sterile inflammatory processes is of great importance in the management of inflammation. Currently available techniques cannot decisively address this issue. In this respect, antimicrobial peptide 99m Tc-ubiquicidin (UBI) 29-41 scans have been showing interesting results. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of 99m Tc-UBI scan in the detection of osteomyelitis and to compare it with 99m Tc-methylene diphosphonate scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods Twenty patients (mean age = 48.90 years) with suspected osteomyelitis were included in this study. After evaluation of each patient through history taking, physical examination, appropriate laboratory tests, and other processes including bone probing, wound culture, and plain film radiography, MRIs, 99m Tc-UBI scans, and 99m Tc-methylene diphosphonate scans were performed. For quantitative analysis, the mean count of abnormal-tonormal (A/N) region was calculated for images acquired at 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 240 min to obtain the most favorable time for imaging. Results In total, osteomyelitis was detected in the 99mTc-UBI scans of 17 patients, indicating 100% accuracy, compared with an accuracy of 90% for osteomyelitis detected in three-phase bone scans. The maximum mean A/N was observed at 15 min after intravenous injection (median: 1.91; interquartile range: 1.54-2.94). MRI was performed in 12 cases only with 75% accuracy. In addition, the A/N ratios for the 99m Tc-UBI scans were not significantly different between patients with or without Staphylococcus aureus growth on wound cultures.Conclusion For fast imaging with high accuracy, 99m Tc-UBI 29-41 is a suitable choice for the detection of osteomyelitis.

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Improved detection of a staphylococcal infection by monomeric and protein A-purified polyclonal human immunoglobulin

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Antibacterial activity of human neutrophil defensins in experimental infections in mice is accompanied by increased leukocyte accumulation.

Antibacterial activity of human neutrophil defensins in experimental infections in mice is accompanied by increased leukocyte accumulation.

Binding of99mTc-labelled polyclonal human immunoglobulin to bacteria as a mechanism for scintigraphic detection of infection

Diagnostic value of 99mTc-ubiquicidin scintigraphy for osteomyelitis and comparisons with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging

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