Improved methodology for a sea urchin sperm cell bioassay for marine waters

Dinnel, Paul A.; Link, Jeanne; Stober, Quentin J.

doi:10.1007/bf01055356

Cited by 138 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Only by using a range of sperm concentrations can the effect of a toxicant be reliably estimated. Dinnel et al (1987) made this point almost 20 yr ago, but since then ecotoxicological fertilisation assays have largely focused on a single concentration. Our study supports the data presented by Dinnel et al (1987) and the conceptual arguments proposed by Marshall (2006).…”

Section: Potential Implications For Ecotoxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollutants can greatly reduce population densities in marine communities (Johnston & Keough 2002) and, thus, can increase the distance between spawning males and females, resulting in lower fertilisation rates. Furthermore, laboratorybased ecotoxicological studies suggest that the gamete/zygote stage of marine invertebrates is one of the most sensitive stages with regards to pollutants such as heavy metals (Dinnel et al 1987, Ringwood 1992, Negri & Heyward 2001, Reichelt-Brushett & Harrison 2005, Reichelt-Brushett & Michalek-Wagner 2005, and effects have been found at surprisingly low concentrations. Whilst these studies suggest that pollutants will strongly affect fertilisation success, we remain severely limited in our ability to make useful predictions about the likely impact of pollutants in the field for a number of reasons.…”

Section: Abstract: Ecotoxicology · Fertilisation Kinetics · Polyspermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, although early studies used multiple sperm concentrations (Dinnel et al 1987, Ringwood 1992, most later studies use a single sperm concentration to determine the effects of the toxicant of interest (e.g. Zuniga et al 1995, Negri & Heyward 2001, ReicheltBrushett & Michalek-Wagner 2005.…”

Section: Abstract: Ecotoxicology · Fertilisation Kinetics · Polyspermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copper reduces fertilisation success and exacerbates Allee effects in the field

Hollows¹,

Johnston²,

Marshall³

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Potential Implications For Ecotoxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Abstract: Ecotoxicology · Fertilisation Kinetics · Polyspermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Copper reduces fertilisation success and exacerbates Allee effects in the field

Hollows¹,

Johnston²,

Marshall³

2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…We selected this concentration according to Dale and Monroy (1981), Dinnel et al (1987) and Levitan (1998b).…”

Section: Fertilization Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2-induced fertilization impairment in Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis collected in the Arctic

2014

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Fertilization depends on distribution and aggregation patterns of sea urchins which influence gamete contact time and may potentially enhance their vulnerability to ocean acidification. In this study, we conducted fertilization experiments to assess the effects of selected pH scenarios on fertilization success of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, from Spitsbergen, Arctic. Acidification was achieved by aerating seawater with different CO 2 partial pressures to represent preindustrial and present conditions (measured *180-425 latm) and future acidification scenarios (*550-800, *1,300, *2,000 latm). Fertilization success was defined as the proportion of successful/unsuccessful fertilizations per treatment; eggs were classified according to features of their fertilization envelope (FE), hyaline layer (HL) and achievement of cellular division. The diagnostic findings of specific pathological aberrations were described in detail. We additionally measured intracellular pH changes in unfertilized eggs exposed for 1 h to selected acidification treatments using BCECF/AM. We conclude that (a) acidified conditions increase the proportion of eggs that failed fertilization, (b) acidification may increase the risk of polyspermy due to failures in the FE formation supported by the occasional observation of multiple sperms in the perivitelline space and (c) irregular formation of the embryo may arise due to impaired formation of the HL. The decrease in fertilization success could be also related to the observed changes in intracellular pH at pCO 2 * 1,000 latm or higher.

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“…These tests have been considered inadequate to protect marine populations because they use less sensitive life stages of nonindigenous species. In contrast, new toxicity tests attempt to estimate chronic toxicity by measuring sublethal effects such as abnormal development, reproAddress for correspondence (to first author) ductive failure, or growth of sensitive life stages (Bay et al 1983, Lussier et al 1985, ASTM 1987, Dinnel et al 1987, Anderson & Hunt 1988, Middaugh et al 1988, Martin et al 1989. By using more sensitive early life stages of indigenous species, the new tests may better indicate the potential impacts of discharged waste on marine populations, although there are clear limitations in extrapolating laboratory results to the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper toxicity to microscopic stages of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera:interpopulation comparisons and temporal variability

Anderson¹,

Hunt²,

Turpen³

et al. 1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Experiments were conducted to evaluate temporal and geographic variation in sensitivity of microscopic stages of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera to copper. Spores from kelp sporophylls collected from different locations and at different times of the year were exposed to series of copper concentrations following a standard toxicity test procedure. After 48 h static exposures, toxicity was determined by measuring 2 test endpoints: germination success and growth of germination tubes. The sensitivity of these endpoints to copper was also compared with the sensitivity of longer-term reproductive endpoints: sporophyte production and sporophyte growth. No significant differences in response to copper were found among spores from different collection sites. Variability between 4 tests conducted quarterly throughout the year was greater than that between 3 tests done consecutively within 1 mo, indicating temporal variability in response to copper. Long-term reproductive endpoints were more sensitive to copper than were short-term vegetative endpoints, with No Observed Effect Concentrations of < 10 pg 1-' for sporophyte production, 10 yg 1-I for sporophyte growth, 10 yg 1-' for germ-tube growth, and 50 yg 1-I for germination inhibition.

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Improved methodology for a sea urchin sperm cell bioassay for marine waters

Cited by 138 publications

References 19 publications

Copper reduces fertilisation success and exacerbates Allee effects in the field

Copper reduces fertilisation success and exacerbates Allee effects in the field

CO2-induced fertilization impairment in Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis collected in the Arctic

Copper toxicity to microscopic stages of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera:interpopulation comparisons and temporal variability

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