Improvement in HSPF's Low‐Flow Predictions by Implementation of a Power Law Groundwater Storage‐Discharge Relationship

Schultz, Colin; Ahmed, Sadik; Mandel, Rolfe D.; Moltz, Heidi L. N.

doi:10.1111/jawr.12144

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…HSPF is a US EPA program for simulation of watershed hydrology, with a long history and that is still the subject of active research (e.g., Ryu, 2009;Schultz et al, 2013;Kim and Ryu, 2014). Each of the seven major catchments used an independently calibrated HSPF model.…”

Section: Rainfall-runoff Model and Inflow Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-supported flood forecasting in river networks: A real case study

García-Pintado

Mason

Dance

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrology

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s u m m a r ySatellite-based (e.g., Synthetic Aperture Radar [SAR]) water level observations (WLOs) of the floodplain can be sequentially assimilated into a hydrodynamic model to decrease forecast uncertainty. This has the potential to keep the forecast on track, so providing an Earth Observation (EO) based flood forecast system. However, the operational applicability of such a system for floods developed over river networks requires further testing. One of the promising techniques for assimilation in this field is the family of ensemble Kalman (EnKF) filters. These filters use a limited-size ensemble representation of the forecast error covariance matrix. This representation tends to develop spurious correlations as the forecast-assimilation cycle proceeds, which is a further complication for dealing with floods in either urban areas or river junctions in rural environments. Here we evaluate the assimilation of WLOs obtained from a sequence of real SAR overpasses (the X-band COSMO-Skymed constellation) in a case study. We show that a direct application of a global Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) suffers from filter divergence caused by spurious correlations. However, a spatially-based filter localization provides a substantial moderation in the development of the forecast error covariance matrix, directly improving the forecast and also making it possible to further benefit from a simultaneous online inflow error estimation and correction. Additionally, we propose and evaluate a novel along-network metric for filter localization, which is physically-meaningful for the flood over a network problem. Using this metric, we further evaluate the simultaneous estimation of channel friction and spatially-variable channel bathymetry, for which the filter seems able to converge simultaneously to sensible values. Results also indicate that friction is a second order effect in flood inundation models applied to gradually varied flow in large rivers. The study is not conclusive regarding whether in an operational situation the simultaneous estimation of friction and bathymetry helps the current forecast. Overall, the results indicate the feasibility of standalone EO-based operational flood forecasting.

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Section: Rainfall-runoff Model and Inflow Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-supported flood forecasting in river networks: A real case study

García-Pintado

Mason

Dance

et al. 2015

Journal of Hydrology

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“…The HYSEP sliding interval method was chosen because of its common use within the hydrologic community, simplicity of interpretation, and performance in prior studies (Eckhardt, 2008; Gonzales et al., 2009; Partington et al., 2012; Schultz et al. 2014). Identifying the true baseflow contribution in observations is difficult without involved tracer studies, and even then, it is uncertain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informing Seasonal Proxy‐Based Flow Reconstructions Using Baseflow Separation: An Example From the Potomac River, United States

Torbenson

Stagge

2021

Water Resources Research

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Paleoclimatic perspectives on hydrological variability can offer valuable information on the frequency and magnitude of extreme events. Tree‐ring records are a common proxy used to reconstruct past streamflow due to their interannual resolution and often strong correlation with hydroclimate variability. The separation of streamflow into theoretical baseflow and stormflow constituents is regularly utilized to differentiate between flow‐generating processes; however, it has yet to see use in paleoclimate reconstructions. We compare three approaches which use log‐linear, gamma‐distributed, and baseflow‐separated regression, respectively, to reconstructing flow at a well‐studied gage—the Potomac River at Point of Rock, Maryland. Preinstrumental baseflow and streamflow for summer were estimated for the past 350 years using a regional network of tree‐ring chronologies. Additionally, estimates of winter flow were produced for the same period using a nonoverlapping set of tree‐ring data. Tree growth appears to have a stronger relationship with baseflow than with streamflow for both seasons, supporting the use of baseflow as predictand. The number of chronologies subsequently chosen as predictors for streamflow was also lower than for baseflow and represents an additional source of reconstruction bias/uncertainty when total streamflow is the predictand. Historical records support the validity of both summer and winter reconstructions. The winter reconstruction indicates that several years of consecutive below‐mean flows, on par with the 1960s drought, occurred with higher frequency prior to the instrumental era. Our results suggest that baseflow separation can improve reconstruction skill and provide additional information to water resource management on the long‐term variability of hydrological extremes.

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“…The land simulation separates the segment into four connected vertical layers for hydrologic simulation (Schultz et al. ). Flow outputs can be directed from the land uses within a segment to the river reach (Shenk et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each land segment is assumed to have homogeneous hydrologic characteristics and, therefore, hydrologic calibration parameters are assigned at this level. The land simulation separates the segment into four connected vertical layers for hydrologic simulation (Schultz et al 2014). Flow outputs can be directed from the land uses within a segment to the river reach (Shenk et al 2012).…”

Section: Flow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streamflow Alteration from Impervious Cover: Are All Watersheds Created Equal?

Moltz

Palmer

Smith

2018

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Very small amounts of impervious cover can impact streamflows. In the Potomac basin, for example, significant streamflow alteration associated with watershed impervious cover >0.5%–2.0% have been found. Since these impacts were found with considerably lower amounts of impervious cover than previously documented in the literature, typically 10%–20%, this study evaluated whether certain watershed characteristics (e.g., watershed area, karst geology, precipitation, soil characteristics, physiographic province, and slope) make a stream reach more susceptible to the impacts of impervious cover than others. The results of this study indicate there are differences in streamflow sensitivity to impervious cover given certain landscape characteristics. The relationships of watershed characteristics with streamflow alteration in flashiness, high flow duration, and low pulse duration were evaluated. Flashiness alteration was positively correlated with impervious cover and influenced by watershed slope and area. High flow duration alteration was negatively correlated with impervious cover and influenced by mean annual precipitation and slope. Low pulse duration was poorly correlated with the watershed characteristics under consideration. These differences may assist in land management efforts and heighten awareness of the environmental impacts of impervious cover.

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Improvement in HSPF's Low‐Flow Predictions by Implementation of a Power Law Groundwater Storage‐Discharge Relationship

Cited by 8 publications

References 54 publications

Satellite-supported flood forecasting in river networks: A real case study

Satellite-supported flood forecasting in river networks: A real case study

Informing Seasonal Proxy‐Based Flow Reconstructions Using Baseflow Separation: An Example From the Potomac River, United States

Streamflow Alteration from Impervious Cover: Are All Watersheds Created Equal?

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