Improvement of grain processing via ultrasonic treatment

Abstract

The theoretical study made it possible to define the main correlation dependences affecting the efficiency of grain preparation for milling. Experimental studies allowed improving the technology of grain softening and washing. Design and operating parameters of ultrasonic facility and technology ensuring high degree of grain cleaning and moistening were studied and structured, namely: ultrasound frequency – 18 kHz; process temperature – 30-40 °C; processing time – 30-40 s; intensity of ultrasonic waves – 1 W/cm2.

New Sensing Technologies for Grain Moisture

“…In practice, its application is limited, since the translation of the transferre into moisture content requires a situation-specific calibration. [47] The measurement of the amplitude of the sound wave signal is expressed in "sound pressure level" (SPL) measured in decibels (dB) and using Equation ( 7) [46]. SPL = 10log 10 p p re f 2 (7) where p is the effective pressure (N/m 2 ) and p re f is the reference sound pressure (commonly 2 × 10 −5 N/m 2 ).…”

“…It does not provide any information on the distribution of moisture as a function of depth and only gives an average value. In practice, its application is limited, since the translation of the transferred signal into moisture content requires a situation-specific calibration [47].…”

Response of stressed seeds of grain crops to changing conditions and duration of their storage

“…To violations of the integrity of the grains react with protective and adaptive reactions, a state of stress is formed in them. The functional activity of seeds decreases, the resources of reliability and stability are depleted, growth weakens, sowing qualities deteriorate sharply [7][8][9].…”