Improving combination cancer immunotherapy by manipulating dual immunomodulatory signals with enzyme-triggered, cell-penetrating peptide-mediated biomodulators

Abstract

Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments challenge the effectiveness of protein-based biopharmaceuticals in cancer immunotherapy. Reestablishing tumor cell immunogenicity by enhancing calreticulin (CRT) exposure is expected to improve tumor immunotherapy. Given that CRT...

Polymer Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy: Preparation Methods and Applications

“…This facilitates the advancement of combination therapies, wherein checkpoint inhibitors, immune stimulants, and TME-remodeling agents collaborate synergistically to augment the antitumor immune response. 79 PNPs, or polymeric nanoparticles, facilitate the controlled release of immunomodulators, which are substances that modify the immune response. This controlled release mechanism ensures the sustained and prolonged presence of immunomodulators, specifically at the tumor site, optimizing the therapeutic impact while minimizing the potential for systemic toxicity.…”