Improving Cosmological Distance Measurements Using Twin Type Ia Supernovae

Fakhouri, H.; Boone, K.; Aldering, G.; Antilogus, P.; Aragon, C.; Bailey, S.; Baltay, C.; Barbary, Kyle; Baugh, D.; Bongard, S.; Buton, C.; Chen, J.; Childress, M.; Chotard, N.; Copin, Y.; Fagrelius, Parker; Feindt, U.; Fleury, M.; Fouchez, D.; Gangler, É.; Hayden, Brian; Kim, A. G.; Kowalski, M.; Léget, P.-F.; Lombardo, Simona; Nordin, J.; Pain, R.; Pécontal, É.; Pereira, R.; Perlmutter, S.; Rabinowitz, D.; Ren, Juanjuan; Rigault, M.; Rubin, D.; Runge, K.; Saunders, C.; Scalzo, R.; Smadja, G.; Sofiatti, C.; Strovink, M.; Suzuki, N.; Tao, C.; Thomas, R. C.; Weaver, B. A.

doi:10.1088/0004-637x/815/1/58

Cited by 61 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The continuum of DDT to PDD models needs to be explored in a systematic way, and we must understand how to suppress RayleighTaylor instabilities, for example by invoking magnetic fields. We found models with different brightness but similar conditions at the photosphere that will appear as "spectroscopic twins" Fakhouri et al (2015). A study of how similar the spectra are will be addressed in a forthcoming paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Note that a method for identifying spectroscopic "twins" during the photospheric phase has recently been proposed by Fakhouri et al (2015) to improve distance measurements and scatter in the Hubble diagram within 0.083±0.012 mag and 0.072±0.010 mag for SNe Ia in the Hubble flow.. This spread is smaller than expected by a factor of 2 for normal-bright SNe and by a factor of 10 for 1991bg-like SNe Ia, even in the framework of one specific scenario.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Light and Color Curve Properties of Type Ia Supernovae: Theory Versus Observations

Hoêflich

Hsiao

Ashall

et al. 2017

ApJ

102

178

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We study optical light curve(LC) relations of type Ia supernovae(SNe Ia) for their use in cosmology using high-quality photometry published by the Carnegie-Supernovae-Project(CSP-I). We revisit the classical luminosity-decline-rate (∆m 15 ) relation and the Lira-relation, as well as investigate the time evolution of the (B −V ) color and B(B −V ), which serves as the basis of the color-stretch relation and Color-MAGnitude-Intercept-Calibrations(CMAGIC). Our analysis is based on explosion and radiation transport simulations for spherically-symmetric delayed-detonation models(DDT) producing normalbright and subluminous SNe Ia. Empirical LC-relations can be understood as having the same physical underpinnings: i.e. the opacities, ionization balances in the photosphere, and radioactive energy deposition changing with time from below to above the photosphere. Some 3−4 weeks past maximum, the photosphere recedes to 56 Ni-rich layers of similar density structure, leading to a similar color evolution. An important secondary parameter is the central density ρ c of the WD because at higher densities more electron capture elements are produced at the expense of 56Ni production. This results in a ∆m 15 spread of 0.1 mag for normal-bright and 0.7 mag in sub-luminous SNe Ia and ≈ 0.2 mag in the Lira-relation. We show why color-magnitude diagrams emphasize the transition between physical regimes, and enables the construction of templates which depend mostly on ∆m 15 with little dispersion in both the CSP-I sample and our DDT-models. This allows to separate intrinsic SN Ia variations from the interstellar reddening characterized by E(B −V ) and R B . Invoking different scenarios causes a wide spread in empirical relations which may suggest one dominant scenario.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and Color Curve Properties of Type Ia Supernovae: Theory Versus Observations

Hoêflich

Hsiao

Ashall

et al. 2017

ApJ

102

178

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“…Several lines of observational evidence point to dust in the ISM as the dominant, and possibly the only, source for the extinction (Huang et al 2017). Huang et al (2017) found SN 2011fe and SN 2012cu to be good spectroscopic twins (see Fakhouri et al 2015). Their observations were also closely matched in phase for 10 epochs between −6.8 and +23.2 days.…”

Section: Sn 2012cumentioning

confidence: 71%

On the Time Variation of Dust Extinction and Gas Absorption for Type Ia Supernovae Observed through a Nonuniform Interstellar Medium

Huang

Aldering

Biederman

et al. 2017

ApJ

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For Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observed through a non-uniform interstellar medium (ISM) in its host galaxy, we investigate whether the non-uniformity can cause observable time variations in dust extinction and in gas absorption due to the expansion of the SN photosphere with time. We show that, owing to the steep spectral index of the ISM density power spectrum, sizable density fluctuation amplitudes at the length scale of typical ISM structures ( 10 pc) will translate to much smaller fluctuations on the scales of a SN photosphere. Therefore the typical amplitude of time variation due to non-uniform ISM, of absorption equivalent widths and of extinction, would be small. As a result, we conclude that non-uniform ISM density should not impact cosmology measurements based on SNe Ia. We apply our predictions based on the ISM density power law power spectrum to the observations of two highly reddened SNe Ia, SN 2012cu and SN 2014J.

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“…In fact, there is curious overlap between events that have been typed as "high velocity Core Normal" and "normal velocity Broad Line" SN Ia (Blondin et al 2012;Parrent 2014). Therefore, the vetting process for these and other subclasses of type I supernovae would benefit from spectral decomposition through gaussian processes (Fakhouri et al 2015) and machine learning methods (Sasdelli et al 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of SN 2012dn optical spectra: days −14 to +114

Parrent¹,

Howell²,

Fesen³

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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SN 2012dn is a super-Chandrasekhar mass candidate in a purportedly normal spiral (SAcd) galaxy, and poses a challenge for theories of type Ia supernova diversity. Here we utilize the fast and highly parameterized spectrum synthesis tool, SYNAPPS, to estimate relative expansion velocities of species inferred from optical spectra obtained with six facilities. As with previous studies of normal SN Ia, we find that both unburned carbon and intermediate mass elements are spatially coincident within the ejecta near and below 14,000 km s −1 . Although the upper limit on SN 2012dn's peak luminosity is comparable to some of the most luminous normal SN Ia, we find a progenitor mass exceeding ∼ 1.6 M is not strongly favored by leading merger models since these models do not accurately predict spectroscopic observations of SN 2012dn and more normal events. In addition, a comparison of light curves and host-galaxy masses for a sample of literature and Palomar Transient Factory SN Ia reveals a diverse distribution of SN Ia subtypes where carbon-rich material remains unburned in some instances. Such events include SN 1991T, 1997br, and 1999aa where trace signatures of C III at optical wavelengths are presumably detected.

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Improving Cosmological Distance Measurements Using Twin Type Ia Supernovae

Abstract: We introduce a method for identifying "twin" Type Ia supernovae, and using them to improve distance measurements. This novel approach to Type Ia supernova stan-

Cited by 61 publications

References 68 publications

Light and Color Curve Properties of Type Ia Supernovae: Theory Versus Observations

Light and Color Curve Properties of Type Ia Supernovae: Theory Versus Observations

On the Time Variation of Dust Extinction and Gas Absorption for Type Ia Supernovae Observed through a Nonuniform Interstellar Medium

Comparative analysis of SN 2012dn optical spectra: days −14 to +114

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