Improving Drinking Water Quality by Remineralisation

Abstract

The reason of low mineral content in source water is its origin in poorly soluble mineral geological structures. There are many areas with very soft low-mineralised water around the world. All people involved in drinking water treatment as well as some public health experts and producers of chemicals used for water treatment may be interested in the study. Enrichment of drinking water by minerals including calcium and magnesium is very important particularly in regions where drinking water is prepared by desalination. 1 The aim of this work was to study and intensify the recarbonization process. Half-calcined dolomite in combination with carbon dioxide constitutes the chemistry of the applied method. Advantages of using a fluidised bed reactor contributed also significantly to the process efficiency enhancement. Continuous input of carbon dioxide into the fluidised bed recarbonization reactor resulted in an increase in the recarbonization rate by about one order of magnitude compared with the process in without carbon dioxide addition. Very good fit of experimental data for hydrodynamic characteristics of fluidised bed was obtained using simple model based on the Richardson and Zaki expansion equation. The first order model describes kinetic data from the recarbonization process with a good accuracy. Higher recarbonization rates were observed with smaller particles of half-calcined dolomite.

Application of Magnesium Oxide Media for Remineralization and Removal of Divalent Metals in Drinking Water Treatment: A Review

“…Although not explicitly recommended in the literature, it appears that it may be advantageous to implement a CaCO 3 -MgO blend rather than using CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 . For example, Luptáková and co-workers found that magnesium content dominated in treated water when using half-calcined dolomite and suggested the use of dolomite with higher Ca content for more balanced effluent target values [91]. However, dolomite is known to be naturally more heterogeneous than limestone [92].…”

Ibuprofen as an Organic Pollutant in the Danube and Effects on Aquatic Organisms

“…Surface and groundwater are the main sources of drinking water worldwide, and purification processes that increase safety and quality of drinking water are of a crucial importance. 1 The presence of emerging substances (ESs) in the environment has become a subject of growing interest in recent decades. ESs are defined as materials present at low concentrations in the environment that have a potential or actual risk to the "One Health" trilogy -environment, human and animal.…”

Enrichment of drinking water with Ca and Mg by a fluidized bed recarbonization reactor: a case study of Devičie, Slovak Republic

“…Different processes and different carbonate rocks are used for RC of drinking water, mostly under CO 2 saturation. In particular, flow-through systems are used where carbonate rock is added to a flow-through device based on various filters, through which the entire treated water flows (Haney & Hamann 1969;Al-Rqobah & Al-Munayyis 1989;Olejko 1999;Withers 2005;Luptáková & Derco 2015).…”