Improving Fly Ash Brightness with Carbon and Iron Oxide Removal

Song, Helong; Fan, Huili; Gao, Hangtian; Liu, Jianan; Mou, Hongyan

doi:10.3390/recycling5010005

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The formation of carbonated hydroxyapatite crystals could also be a factor in the color intensity changes. The rise in red color intensity may also be due to the formation of iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) from the reaction of a trace amount of iron compounds with oxygen (Table j,k) . The C-00-700 was less bright than the C-25-700, with a reduction in red and yellow color intensity, implying that the lack of KNO 3 resulted in less carbon material combustion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

KNO₃-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel

2022

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In this study, a heterogeneous basic catalyst was synthesized from a catalyst composite material (CCM) of coffee husk ash and char mixture (A/C) impregnated with KNO 3 and employed to transesterify crude waste frying oil (WFO). The effect of CCM calcination temperature (CCMCT) (500−700 °C) on the catalyst physicochemical properties was investigated. A differential scanning calorimeter was used to examine potential phase changes during the calcination of A/C and CCM. The catalysts from each CCMCT were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer−Emmet−Teller surface area analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray diffractometer, colorimeter, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometer. The methoxy functional group FTIR peak integral value and the dynamic viscosity of the biodiesel synthesized by each catalyst were used to determine the qualitative WFO conversion. Furthermore, the quantitative WFO conversion was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) analysis. Crystallinity, elemental composition, basicity, and morphology of catalysts were highly dependent on the CCMCT. Without transesterification condition optimization (reaction temperature of 45 ± 2.5 °C, catalyst loading of 3 wt %, methanol to oil molar ratio of 12:1, and reaction time of 1 h), a higher catalytic performance (72.04% WFO conversion) was reached using a catalyst from the CCMCT of 600 °C. When using a coffee husk ash catalyst without KNO 3 impregnation (C-00-600), the WFO conversion was only 52.92%. When comparing the C-25-600 and C-00-600 catalysts, it was observed that KNO 3 impregnation had a substantial impact on the catalyst crystallinity, basicity, and morphology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

KNO₃-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel

2022

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“…The article also proposes a proprietary solution for the material modification of concrete with the combined use of three nanoadditives, i.e. : siliceous fly ash (FA), microsilica (SF), and nanosilica (nS) [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The aim of this concept would be a synergistic effect for improving the properties of modified composites as a result of the interaction of three active pozzolanic cement binder substitutes.…”

Section: Figure 2 World Production Of Cement and Clinker By Country I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Savings Associated with the Use of Fly Ash and Nanoadditives in the Cement Composition

Golewski

2020

Energies

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The paper presented herein investigates the effects of using supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in quaternary mixtures on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of plain concrete. In addition, environmental benefits resulting from the proposed solutions were analysed. A total of four concrete mixtures were designed, having a constant water/binder ratio of 0.4 and total binder content of 352 kg/m3. The control mixture only contained ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as binder, whereas others incorporated quaternary mixtures of: OPC, fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), and nanosilica (nS). Based on the obtained test results, it was found that concretes made on quaternary binders containing nanoadditives have very favorable mechanical parameters. The quaternary concrete containing: 80% OPC, 5% FA, 10% SF, and 5% nS have shown the best results in terms of good compressive strength and splitting tensile strength, whereas the worst mechanical parameters were characterized by concrete with more content of FA additive in the concrete mix, i.e., 15%. Moreover, the results of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength are qualitatively convergent. Furthermore, reducing the amount of OPC in the composition of the concrete mix in quaternary concretes causes environmental benefits associated with the reduction of: raw materials that are required for burning clinker, electricity, and heat energy in the production of cement.

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Characterisation of iron-rich cementitious materials

Baral,

Pesce,

Yorkshire

et al. 2024

Cement and Concrete Research

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Improving Fly Ash Brightness with Carbon and Iron Oxide Removal

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

KNO₃-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel

KNO₃-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel

Energy Savings Associated with the Use of Fly Ash and Nanoadditives in the Cement Composition

Characterisation of iron-rich cementitious materials

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Improving Fly Ash Brightness with Carbon and Iron Oxide Removal

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

KNO3-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel

KNO3-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel

Energy Savings Associated with the Use of Fly Ash and Nanoadditives in the Cement Composition

Characterisation of iron-rich cementitious materials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

KNO₃-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel

KNO₃-Loaded Coffee Husk Ash as a Heterogeneous Alkali Catalyst for Waste Frying Oil Valorization into Biodiesel