Improving genetic variation for seed vigor and yield components in squash (Cucurbita pepo l.) using honey bees as pollinators under shade net houses

Abstract

A key advancement has been made in the field of creating high-quality seeds, which are distinguished by great homogeneity at the genetic, environmental, and phenotypic levels. The most crucial seed development approach is the pollination process. The findings revealed persistent issues with Egyptian vegetable seed harvests, including low emergence percentage, poor yields, and seed vigor features. Impaired pollination during seed development is frequently blamed for difficulties in increasing the productivity of crops. Therefore, the goal of this study was to better understand how genetic and phenotypic factors that affect squash seed output and quality are influenced by honey bee pollination. The researcher was forced to become familiar with the scientific methodological procedures to improve the plant population and bring them to a state of homogeneity that is close to stability among their individuals in the so-called pre-breeding programs in response to a new reality regarding the trade balance of payments between countries, in which the seed trade occupies an important place. It was determined that there were definite effects on genetic, environmental, and phenotypic parameters from Honeybee pollination with a high pollen-load population. These results fall under the desired pre-breeding objectives, which are focused on highlighting the variations among the population's plants to undertake an effective selection procedure.