Improving Growth Traits and Estimating Heterosis, Additive and Maternal Effects a Cross Diallel Mating Among Three Lines Selected Heaviest Body Weight Under Heat Condition

Abstract

A crossbreeding experiment was executed between three breeds were selected three generation for heavy body weight under high temperature condition Sinai (SI) and Rhode Island Red (RI) and Fayoumi breeds. 900 crossing meals from each genotype were recorded singular body weight and body weight gain at hatch, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age. crosses SI XRI and reciprocal RI x Si significant heaver body weight and body weight gain compared than other crosses and pure breed. On the other hand body weight and body weight gain were significant heaver for pure line Sinai or Rod iland read and crosses SI x F, F x RI, Fx SI and RI xF compared to Fayoumi pure line. Heterosis was positive significant on body weight at hatch, 4,8 and 12 weeks of ages. As the same trend results of body weight gain but, negative significant at the intervals from 4wks to 8wks only. It could be observed that the hybrid vigor of body weight was significant positive effect for crosses SI X RI and reciprocal crosses RI XSI and RI XF ones. While, the hybrid vigor of body weight gain was significant positive effect for all diallel crossing except F X RI crosses. the direct additive effects were negative for line Fayoumi both body weight and weight gain taits at diferent age of these study. But these reciprocal effect were significant positive for Sinai and Rodiland red lines both body weight and body weight gain. These resuls shown that the croses RI XSI beter than SI X RI for both body weight and body weight gain. Maternal effect of body weight and body weight gain were significant positive effect at hatcher , for FF and SI SI. While, it was significant negative effect for RIRI. On the other hand, were significant positive for body weight at hatcher and 4 weeks of age only. While, maternal effect was significan positive at the intervals 0-4weeks only. The last shown that the maternal effect had a play essential role on body weght and body weight gain. Recommended used crosses Sinai and rod Iland red to produce commercial meat strains in hot climated countery.

Effect of strain and generation on productive performance for Baladi and Fayoumi chickens

“…The increased body weight for Baladi chickens may be due to increase the abdominal fat or oviduct weight for hens specially during the final production stages. These results agreed with the results of Radwan and Mahrous (2018a) who indicated that the lowest body weight was recorded in Fayoumi pure line chickens compared with Sinai chicken strain. Also, the results of Nowier et al, (2018) who showed that the body weight for Rod Island Red chickens was significantly heavier than those of Fayoumi and White Leghorn chickens strains.…”

Crossing effect for improving egg production traits in chickens involving local and commercial strains

“…Significant differences between the local and commercial strains of chickens for body weight and egg traits were supported in the literature [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Genetic Evaluation of Additive and Heterotic Effects for Growth Traits in Crossing Four Egyptian Strains of Chickens

“…Crossbreeding could be used to establish broad genetic basis for the development of new strains or lines and to find superior crossbreds. Some Egyptian studies have shown significant (P≤0.05 and P≤0.01) direct genetic and maternal effects on growth traits at different ages of chickens (e.g., Aly and Abou El-Ella 2005;Saadey et al, 2008;Abd El-A'al 2009;Amin et al, 2013;Amin 2015;Khattab 2014;Mahmoud and El-Full 2014;Radwan and Mahrous 2018;Saleh et al, 2020a&b). In most of these studies, crossing local breeds of chickens with local and/or exotic ones was generally associated with the existence of considerable heterotic effects on growth traits (Saadey et al, 2008;El-Tahawy 2020;Soliman et al, 2020).…”

“…In most of these studies, crossing local breeds of chickens with local and/or exotic ones was generally associated with the existence of considerable heterotic effects on growth traits (Saadey et al, 2008;El-Tahawy 2020;Soliman et al, 2020). Also, several Egyptian reports (e.g., Iraqi et al, 2002;Abou El-Ghar et al, 2007;Roshdy et al, 2007;Saadey et al, 2008;Abd El-A'al, 2009;Iraqi et al, 2011;Taha and Abd El-Ghany 2013;Amin 2015;Radwan and Mahrous 2018;Saleh et al, 2020a&b) have confirmed the superiority of crossbreds over the purebreds regarding body weights and weight gains at different ages. Khattab (2014) reported that estimates of maternal heterosis for body weights were positive and mostly significant.…”

“…The updated methodologies used to evaluate crossbreeding experiments taking into account direct additive effects, maternal effects, direct and maternal heterosis for growth traits of chickens in developing countries are scarce. Few modern reports on these modern methodologies were documented for growth traits in chickens (Iraqi et al, 2013;Taha and Abd El-Ghany 2013;Mahmoud and El-Full 2014;Amin 2015;Radwan and Mahrous 2018;El-Tahawy 2020). Therefore, the objectives of the present study were:…”