Improving temperature uniformity of a lithium-ion battery by intermittent heating method in cold climate

Lei, Zhiguo; Zhang, Kun; Lei, Xueguo

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.12.159

Cited by 68 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the Cummins & Westport manufacturer of the ISX12 G engine does not recommend using their engine for gross mass more than 36,000 kg [114]. [231]. Cold climate also expedites the battery degradation process due to high polarization of the anode below 0 o C Jaguemont et al , [232].…”

Section: Discussion Of Drivetrain Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the lack of production scale-up is a common challenge with most biofuel sources [239], [240]. Renewable natural gas in this regard seems promising, as preliminary estimation shows its resources in BC are 94-400 PJ [241], [242] [231], [244] are factors that negatively impact energy consumption, which results in even a larger battery pack requirement.…”

Section: Monte Carlo Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“… The impact of extreme weather conditions (e.g. cold climate) and battery degradation over time [231], [244] are other battery sizing factors that can be varied by operating routes and could be the subject of future studies.…”

Section: Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparing alternative heavy-duty drivetrains based on GHG emissions, ownership and abatement costs: Simulations of freight routes in British Columbia

Lajevardi

Axsen

Crawford

2019

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heavy-duty trucks (HDTs) are vital in delivering products to the consumers around the world and help maintain the quality of life. However, they are heavily depending on fossil diesel use, which causing global climate change as well as local air pollutions. Although they represent a small percentage of vehicle population, they emit more than 30% of GHGs in road transportation or 5% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Furthermore, GHG emissions from this sector are expected to steadily grow due to economic growth, globalization, industrialization, online shopping, and fast delivery expectations. This study was focused on the Canadian province of British Columbia (BC) as a case study where HDTs are responsible for more than 4% of total provincial GHGs. BC, along with many regions around the world, has been committed to reduce its GHG emissions by 80% below 2007 levels by 2050. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential of meeting this objective for BC HDTs using alternative drivetrain technologies. First, a component-level model was developed in Matlab to compute on-road energy consumption and CO2 emissions of compressed natural gas and diesel HDTs based on their physical parameters (e.g. mass) over several selected drive cycles. Results of the first contribution indicated a compressed natural gas (CNG) drivetrain emits 13-15% fewer GHG than a comparable diesel. Road grades of several main BC routes were included in the drive cycle simulations, which is an important factor that can increase the fuel consumption and CO2 emission by as much as 24% relative to a flat route assumption. In the second contribution, the physical energy consumption model was extended to compare 16 diverse drivetrain technologies, including a pure battery electric. The comparison metrics were also extended to well-to-wheel GHG emissions, total ownership costs (TOC) (including infrastructure), and abatement costs (based on incremental TOC cost over GHG emissions reduction), and cargo capacity impacts. The 16 considered drivetrains were distinguished by their fuel types, combustion technology, drivetrain architecture, and connection to the electricity grid (e.g. catenary vs fast charging stations). Next, the activity data of 1,616 HDTs operating in BC with sparse recording intervals was used to select 6 representative freight routes with different ranges of 120-950 km split into short and long haul routes. A combination of filtering and interpolation techniques was used to develop 1-Hz drive cycles compatible with the level of plug-in hybrid adoption. It was found infrastructure density increases the probability of meeting the 2050 target on both short and long haul HDTs. However, the increase in the probability is much higher for the short haul segment. Among various infrastructure roll-out scenarios, rapid deployment of hydrogen fueling stations was found to have the highest positive impact on GHG emissions reduction for both short and long haul markets. Both battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell drivetrains can succeed in...

show abstract

Section: Discussion Of Drivetrain Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monte Carlo Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparing alternative heavy-duty drivetrains based on GHG emissions, ownership and abatement costs: Simulations of freight routes in British Columbia

Lajevardi

Axsen

Crawford

2019

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[173] More importantly, the sluggish kinetics at low temperatures may also lead to the appearance of lithium dendrites, [174] which may results in safety concerns. [175] Therefore, the poor rate performance of LIBs at low temperatures greatly impedes the practical applications of LIBs in cold climates. [176] Many strategies have been adopted to remedy this problem, in terms of utilizing nanomaterials, the developing low temperature electrolytes and optimizing electrode architectures.…”

Section: Self-heating Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Materials and Design toward Safe and Durable Lithium Ion Batteries

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Smart electrochemical energy storage devices are devices that can operate autonomously to some extent. Although the conventional electrochemical energy storage devices, e.g., the commonly used lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), may be externally monitored in terms of their voltage and current output to reflect the state of health for the devices, it is extremely important to exploit materials and devices that are intrinsically smart enough to be capable of rapidly self‐detecting and responding to faults, such as interior short circuits, overheating, abnormal capacity drop, and other types of mechanical/chemical damage. These “smart” features could significantly enhance the safety characteristics and durability of LIBs, which is essential for future usage. Therefore, recent achievements toward smart materials and design strategies for safer and more durable LIBs are summarized. The main categories are as follows: 1) New materials: This category mainly includes smart electrode materials with thermal/electrical/mechanical self‐response functions, and self‐response separators to suppress thermal runaway/lithium dendrite growth; 2) New chemistries: This category mainly includes electrolytes with reversible self‐protecting functions; and 3) New architectures with novel functions, such as shape‐recovery, self‐heating, and self‐monitoring. Besides the working mechanisms, the challenges that must be overcome for smart LIBs to be adopted in practical applications are also discussed.

show abstract

“…Using more adaptable electrolyte and active materials can ameliorate these limitations; nevertheless, it cannot address solid‐state diffusion of lithium in the electrode, which is a major limiting factor . For solving these problems effectively, the battery module with BTM system should pre‐heat quickly to reach the normal operating condition . Zhu et al proposed an alternating current heating method for lithium‐ion batteries module .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of thermal management system for lithium ion batteries module with coupling effect by heat sheets and phase change materials

Zhang

et al. 2018

Int J Energy Res

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Some potential safety risks for lithium ion battery such as overheating, combustion, and explosion occurred in practical application may cause accidents of electric vehicles. Phase change material (PCM)‐based thermal management system was demonstrated as a feasible approach. However, the batteries have to endure various environment and climate, which would not work normally under cold area. Especially when the surrounding temperature falls to below 10°C, which can bring about the energy and power of Li‐ion batteries rapidly reducing. In this study, a coupling heating strategy of the PCM‐based batteries module with 2 heat sheets at low temperature was proposed for batteries module and cannot only balance the temperature among different batteries in the module but also ensure to pre‐heat the batteries module at low temperature. The experiment displayed that 7% of EG in paraffin‐based composite PCMs was the best proportion for batteries module, considering both fluidity and thermal conductivity factors. In addition, the temperature difference of PCM‐based batteries module was 2.82°C, while that of the air‐based one was 14.49°C, which was 5 times more than former, exhibiting an excellent performance in balancing temperature uniformly, and was beneficial for prolonging the lifespan of batteries. The coupling heating strategy‐based PCM with heat sheets provided as an extremely promising technology for lithium batteries module at low temperature.

show abstract

Improving temperature uniformity of a lithium-ion battery by intermittent heating method in cold climate

Cited by 68 publications

References 18 publications

Comparing alternative heavy-duty drivetrains based on GHG emissions, ownership and abatement costs: Simulations of freight routes in British Columbia

Comparing alternative heavy-duty drivetrains based on GHG emissions, ownership and abatement costs: Simulations of freight routes in British Columbia

Smart Materials and Design toward Safe and Durable Lithium Ion Batteries

Experimental investigation of thermal management system for lithium ion batteries module with coupling effect by heat sheets and phase change materials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About