Improving the Factor Structure of Psychological Scales

Zhang, Xijuan; Savalei, Victoria

doi:10.1177/0013164415596421

Cited by 41 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…To avoid problems caused by tone, future researchers could consider alternative formats of the SUS (e.g. a positive version, item specific response options, expanded scale format) [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensionality of the system usability scale among professionals using internet-based interventions for depression: a confirmatory factor analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: The System Usability Scale (SUS) is used to measure usability of internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (iCBT). However, whether the SUS is a valid instrument to measure usability in this context is unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the factor structure of the SUS, measuring usability of iCBT for depression in a sample of professionals. In addition, the psychometric properties (reliability, convergent validity) of the SUS were tested. Methods: A sample of 242 professionals using iCBT for depression from 6 European countries completed the SUS. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to test whether a one-factor, two-factor, tone-model or bi-direct model would fit the data best. Reliability was assessed using complementary statistical indices (e.g. omega). To assess convergent validity, the SUS total score was correlated with an adapted Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-3). Results: CFA supported the one-factor, two-factor and tone-model, but the bi-factor model fitted the data best (Comparative Fit Index = 0.992, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.985, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.055, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.042 (respectively χ 2 diff (9) = 69.82, p < 0.001; χ 2 diff (8) = 33.04, p < 0.001). Reliability of the SUS was good (ω = 0.91). The total SUS score correlated moderately with the CSQ-3 (CSQ1 r s = .49, p < 0.001; CSQ2 r s = .46, p < 0.001; CSQ3 r s = .38, p < 0.001), indicating convergent validity. Conclusions: Although the SUS seems to have a multidimensional structure, the best model showed that the total sumscore of the SUS appears to be a valid and interpretable measure to assess the usability of internet-based interventions when used by professionals in mental healthcare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensionality of the system usability scale among professionals using internet-based interventions for depression: a confirmatory factor analysis

et al. 2020

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“…Additionally, all variables were standardized to aid in the interpretation of results. This allows for the results to be understood in unit increases and decreases (Zhang & Savalei, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Moderating Role of Ethnic Identity on the Relationship Between School Climate and Self-Esteem for African American Adolescents

Fisher

Arsenault

Jacob

et al. 2020

School Psychology Review

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Positive self-esteem is linked to academic success for K-12 students. However, self-esteem declines during adolescence, especially for African Americans. Positive perceptions of school climate are well-studied predictors of self-esteem. Given the risk for greater declines in self-esteem experienced by African American students, this study sought to examine the moderating role of ethnic identity on the relationship between school climate and self-esteem for a sample of 1,343 African American adolescents in the Midwest. Regression analysis using the PROCESS macro indicated that ethnic identity positively influenced the relationship between perceptions of school climate on self-esteem for African American adolescents at all levels. Implications for school interventions to foster positive adolescent ethnic development are discussed.

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“…Especially the comparison of cancer patients with the general population and the comparison of male and female cancer patients should be focused in upcoming studies. Methodological refinement could mean using new approaches like using the Expanded format instead of the usual Likert-scale in order to improve the SIS-D’s factor structure [ 60 ]. Additionally, research in samples that are exclusively male, in populations with other chronic medical conditions like transplantation, heart disease, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis might also be included in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of the German version of the Self Image Scale (SIS-D) in a sample of cancer patients

Brederecke

Zimmermann

2020

PLoS ONE

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Background A cancer disease can affect the satisfaction with the physical appearance, so that the standardized assessment of the body image is important in cancer patients. The German version of the Self-Image Scale is a self-report measure that uses two subscales to assess appearance satisfaction (self-acceptance) and perceptions of partners' acceptance of their appearance (partner-acceptance). The present study aimed to validate the Self-Image Scale's two-factor structure in a sample of cancer patients with a variety of different diagnoses to further increase its utility. Methods Confirmatory factor analysis methods were used to examine the two-factor model in a sample of cancer patients (N = 278). Scale reliability and validity were then assessed through internal consistency measures and correlations with external criteria such as depressiveness, anxiety, distress, and relationship satisfaction. Results The proposed factor structure was supported by the results and the internal consistencies were good with α = .83 for the self-acceptance scale and α = .88 for the partner-acceptance scale while additional correlations with external criteria were observed as expected. Conclusions The results support the use of the German version of the Self-Image Scale in cancer patients in general. Future research directions include validation across further entities of cancer, the in-depth investigation of sex differences, and research in other diseases that might impact body image.

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Improving the Factor Structure of Psychological Scales

Cited by 41 publications

References 61 publications

Dimensionality of the system usability scale among professionals using internet-based interventions for depression: a confirmatory factor analysis

Dimensionality of the system usability scale among professionals using internet-based interventions for depression: a confirmatory factor analysis

The Moderating Role of Ethnic Identity on the Relationship Between School Climate and Self-Esteem for African American Adolescents

Psychometric properties of the German version of the Self Image Scale (SIS-D) in a sample of cancer patients

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